by applying the test of derivation; e. g. cannw͡yll from candēla, cadw͡yn from catēna,[1] parádw͡ys from paradīsus.
- Geiriau da a gwŷr i’w dŵɥn
- A ddinistr y ddau wenw͡yn.—D.I.D., f. 11.
‘Good words and men to bring them will destroy the two poisons.’
- Y doeth ni ddywaid a ŵɥr;
- Nid o sôn’ y daw synnw͡yr.—G.I.H., g. 144.
‘The wise does not say what he knows; it is not from talk that sense comes.’ See also g. 111, 175, 234, 296.
viii. wy is the falling diphthong in the substantival terminations ‑rw͡ydd ‘‑ness’, ‑w͡ys ‘‑ians’, and in the verbal terminations ‑w͡yf, ‑w͡ys, ‑w͡yd, but is the rising one in ‑w̯ɥr pl. of ‑wr ‘‑er’.
The ending ‑w͡ys ‘‑ians’ added to names of places is probably derived from the Latin ‑ēnses.
- Hyd Iork y bu hydref dŵɥs,
- A’r gwanwɥn ar y Gwennw͡ys.—L.G.C. 421.
‘As far as York it has been a very autumn, while it was spring to the men of Gwent.’
ix. The following words may be mentioned as those most commonly mispronounced: wy is the falling diphthong in cerw͡yn ‘vat’, disgw͡yl ‘look, expect’, Gw͡ynedd ‘Venedotia’, Gw͡yndɥd, id., morw͡yn ‘maiden’, terw͡yn ‘fervent’; it is the rising diphthong in oherw̯ɥdd ‘because of’, cychw̯ɥn ‘rise, start’, erchw̯ɥn ‘protector, [bed]-side’, dedw̯ɥdd ‘happy’. See terw͡yn / gŵyn / brŵyn r.p. 1206; cerw͡yn / coll-lw͡yn D.G. 347.
- Y ferch addfw͡yn o W͡ynedd,
- Sy ymysg osai a medd.—D.G. 314.
‘The gentle maid of Gwynedd, who lives in the midst of wine and mead.’ See also L.G.C. 219.
- Mi a euraf bob morw͡yn
- O eiriau maiol er i mŵɥn.—D.G. 281.
‘I will gild every maiden with words of praise for her sake.’ See also D.G. 126, 236, 297, 298, 356, and g. 119, 229, 243.
- Ar i farch yr âi f’ erchw̯ɥn
- Yn y llu ddoe’n llew o ddŷn.—T.A. g. 234.
- ↑ Pughe, deriving cadwyn from cadw̯, made it cadw̯yn, and asserted that it was masculine. He then inferred a fem. cadw̯en, which (as cadwyn is fem.) was unfortunately adopted by many 19th cent. writers. But no one has had the courage to write cadwenni for the pl. cadwyni. There is an old word cadw̯en or cadw̯ent which means ‘a battle’, from cad.
