mentionest’; Ai dyma’r ympryd a ddewisais? Es. lviii 5 ‘Is this the fast that I have chosen?’—Adv.: o’r lle yẟ oeẟ w.m. 39 ‘from the place where he was’; e korn eẟ euo e brenhẏn a.l. i 76 ‘the horn from which the king drinks’.—Nom. and adv.:
- Af a mawl a fo melys
- O’r tud yr wyf i’r tad Rys.—G.S. p 55/31.
‘I will go with praise that is sweet from the land where I am to Father Rhys.’
The gen. rel. is supplemented by a prefixed personal pronoun to point out the case: Mab…a ẟylivas Iẟas ẏ leith b.b. 87 ‘the Son whose death Judas plotted’; Ol…a ẟucpwyd moch ẏ dat w.m. 469 ‘Ol, whose father’s pigs were stolen’; brawt ẏ’r gwr y buost neithwyr yn ẏ lys do. 130 ‘brother of the man in whose court thou wast last night’; y neb y maddeuwyd ei drosedd Ps. xxxii 1 ‘he whose transgression is forgiven’.—Similarly a preposition takes a personal ending to show the gender and number of the relative: ẏ’r neb a welei newyn a sychet arnaw Ỻ.A. 126 lit. ‘to the one whom he saw hunger and thirst on him’; nyt amgen no’r prenn y dibynnawẟ yr arglwyẟ arnnaw do. 61 ‘no other than the tree on which the Lord was crucified’.—Dat. y followed by i with suff.: y rhai y rhoddwyd iddynt Matt. xix 11 ‘they to whom it is given’; also without the prep.:
- Ieuan deg a’i onwayw dur
- Y perthyn campau Arthur.—G.Gl., p 83/58.
‘Fair Ieuan with his spear of ash and steel to whom belong the qualities of Arthur.’ Rhywia’ dyn y rhoed enaid T.A. a 14967/29 ‘the most generous man to whom a soul was [ever] given’.
The form ae in E betev ae gulich y glav b.b. 63 ‘The graves which the rain wets’ may be an echo of O.W. ai with the rad. after the acc., see vi (1).
By the elision of unaccented syllables a is often lost in Mn. W. verse, as Y ddraig coch ’ ddyry cychwyn D.I.D. g. 177 ‘[it is] the red dragon that gives a leap’. Y gŵr llên ’ gâr holl Wynedd Gut.O. g. 204 ‘the learned man whom all Gwynedd loves’. The soft initial remains to represent it. In Ml. W. it may be lost before initial a‑. The frequent dropping of the rel. a is a characteristic of much of the slipshod writing of the present day.
ii. (1) The usual adverbial form before a vowel in Ml. W. is yẟ; but yr, though rare, appears in the 14th cent., as yno yr adeilawẟ Beuno eglwys Ỻ.A. 123 ‘[it was] there that Beuno built a church’; hyt y seneẟ yr oeẟit yn ẏ aros do. 114 ‘as far as the synod where he was awaited’. In Mn. W. yr became the usual form, but yẟ remained as a poetical form, the bards using both indifferently according to the demands of the cynghanedd, as
