a.l. i 2 ‘and others they entirely abrogated’; y byẟei eur o gwbɏl r.m. 62 [where iron should be] ‘there was gold throughout’, cf. r.b.b. 280. In neg. sentences o gwbl ‘at all’ is in common use in spoken W. (pron. ṓ gẃbwl).
(3) W. cwbl, Corn. cowl, cowal probably represent *cwvl § 111 vii (4) < *kom-(p)lu‑(s): Gk. πολύς, W. llawer § 169 ii (3), the prefix having its intensive meaning, as in com-plete, etc., § 156 i (9) (b).
§ 169. i. (1) Subst. y sawl sg. ‘such’, pl. ‘as many’, used only before relative clauses, the rel. expressing ‘as’, § 165 iv (10).
Y sawl ae gwelei kyflawn vyẟei oe serch r.m. 117 ‘such as saw her was filled with her love’; gwelet y sawl a welei o velineu w.m. 161 ‘to see as many as he saw of mills’. Y sawl a’m car ant i a garaf inneu Diar. viii 17.
Rarely sawl with a dependent genitive: a r͑wy o sawl y r͑ei yssyẟ r.p. 1252 ‘and more of the like of those that ar’.
(2) Adj. y sawl [soft] ‘as many’, usually with a pl. noun and without ac; but the noun may be sg. and ac expressed; cf. § 165 iv (10).
Ac ny ellit dwyn bwyt ý’r sawl vilẏoeẟ yssyẟ yma, ac o achaws hynny y mae y sawl velineu (hynn) w.m. 162 (E.M. 229) 'and food could not be brought to as many thousands as are here, and [it is] for that reason that there are so many mills ([as] these); y sawl vorynyon racko s.g. 33 ‘as many maidens [as those] yonder’. y sawl ryveẟawt ac yssyẟ yn y wlat honn s.g. 18 ‘as many a wonder as there is [lit. as which is] in this land’.
(3) The original meaning seems to be ‘such’; hence probably sawl < *s‑tāl‑: Lat. tālis, with Kelt. prefixing of s- § 101 ii (1).
ii. (1) Subst. llawer sg. ‘much’, pl. ‘many’, followed, if need be, by o ‘of’. Also pl. llaweroedd ‘multitudes’.
A guedy byrẏer llawer yndi w.m. 21 ‘and when much has been thrown into it’, i.e. much food; llauer nys guir ae gowin B.B. 68 ‘many who do not know ask it’; a llawer o vein gwerthvawr ereill Ỻ.A. 166 ‘and many other precious stones’; llawer a ddichon taerweddi y cyfiawn Iago v 16; fy ngwas cyfiawn a gyfiawnhâ lawer Es. liii 11.
In an adverbial case (of measure) llawer [rad.] before a cpv. and lawer after a cpv. signify ‘much’ adv.: llawer gwell ‘much better’; llawer iawn gwell Phil. i 23 ‘very much better’; mwy lawer Ỻ.A. 68 ‘much greater’; a muy Wydẏon noc ynteu lawer w.m. 106 ‘and Gwydion [regretted] more than he, much’; mwy oeẟ ef lawer no hynny do. 229 ‘he was bigger much than that’. But o lawer is perhaps more common after the cpv., as in the last two passages in r.m. 77, 166.
