(3) It is added to nearly all denominative stems which represent a noun or adj. without a suffix; thus hw̯yẟa Ỻ.A. 148 (: hŵyẟ, chŵyẟ ‘a swelling’), a ge(i)thiwa ib. (: keithiw ‘captive’), argyweẟa do. 166 (: argyweẟ ‘harm’), saetha r.p. 1272 ‘shoots’ (: saeth ‘arrow’), amcana 1285 (: amcan ‘design’), gwarchaea ib. (: gwarchae ‘fortification’), dilyssa ib. dilyssa 1254 (: dilys ‘certain’), llaessa 1254 (: llaes ‘slack’), sura r.m. 123 (: sur ‘sour’), a gospa Ỻ.A. 30 (: cosp ‘punishment’), gwassannaetha do. 28 (: gwasanaeth ‘service’), kyfvɏrgolla do. 35 (: cýfr-goll § 156 i (9)), breinia m.a. i 318a (: braint ‘privilege’), yssiga ib. (: ysig ‘crushed’), diwedda do. 3186 (: diwedd ‘end’), cynnydda 319a (: cynnydd ‘increase’), mynycha 319b (: mynych ‘frequent’), lwydda ib. (: llwydd ‘prosperity’), a gocha r.b.b. 146 (: coch ‘red’), kyflea r.p. 1286 (: cyf-le ‘situation’), metha 1253 (: meth ‘failure’).
(4) It is also added to some stems not obviously denominative; thus cerddaf ‘I walk, go’ has 3rd sg. cerẟa in Ml. W., see examples above, and in Mn. W., see Diar. iii 28, vi 3, but a gerẟ b.t. 15; so sathra Ỻ.A. 147 ‘tramples’, but sathɏr b.b.b. 144; damuna Ỻ.A. 148 ‘wishes’ (the noun is damunet ‘wish’), traetha b.b. 8 ‘relates’ (noun traethawd ‘treatise’ < Lat. tractāt-us).
(5) It is added to stems in ‑i̯- mostly denominatives; as tykẏa w.m. 14, Mn. W. tỿ́ci̯a ‘avails’ (: twg ‘success’ < *tu‑k‑, √teu̯ā- ‘increase’) used only in the 3rd pers., § 196 v, llywẏa r.p. 1285 ‘governs’, Mn. W. llywi̯a ‘steers’ (: llyw ‘rudder’), hwyli̯a m.a. i 318a, Mn. W. hwyli̯a ‘sails, governs’ (: hwyl ‘sail’, cf. Lat. gubernāre ‘steer, govern’), cili̯a do. 319b ‘recedes’ (: cil ‘back’), rhodi̯a Ps. i 1 (: rhawd ‘course’ < *rōt‑, L°-grade of √ret- ‘run’), Mn. W. preswyli̯a ‘resides’ Ml. W. presswyla Ỻ.A. 169 (: presswyl ‘residence’), distrywi̯a (: distryw ‘destruction’). But some i̯-stems do not take it: dali̯af, deil (not dali̯a), ceisiaf ‘I seek’, cais (not ceisi̯a), peidi̯af ‘I cease’, paid (not peidi̯a), meiddiaf, beiddiaf ‘I dare’, maidd, baidd, ‘dares’.
(6) It is added to denom. stems in ‑ych‑; as gwledycha Ỻ.A. 169, m.a. i 318a ‘governs’, fflammycha do. 318b ‘flames’, except whennych r.m. 123, chwen(n)ych Ỻ.A. 73 ‘desires’ (: chwant ‘desire’).
(7) Lastly, it is added redundantly to ‑ha- itself, as mwynhaa m.a. i 317b, Mn. W. mwynhā́ ‘enjoys’, kyt-lawenhaa Ỻ.A. 72, Mn. W. llawenhā́ ‘rejoices', dynessaa r.b.b. 148, Mn. W. neshā́ ‘approaches’, arwyẟockaa do. 144, Mn. W. arwyẟocā́ ‘signifies’, Mn. W. glanhā́ ‘cleans’, edifarhā́ ‘repents’, etc., etc.
(8) A few verbs have two forms, one with and one without ‑(h)a; as plycca impv. r.m. 97 ‘fold’, plyc b.t. 18 ‘bends’ (plygaf ‘I bend’, plyg ‘fold’); tybia D.I.D. tr. 98, tyb T.A. f. 16 ‘imagines’ (tybiaf ‘I imagine’, tyb ‘thought, fancy’); a dwylla Jer. ix 5, a dwyll Ỻ.A. 147 ‘deceives’ (twyllaf ‘I deceive’, twyll ‘deceit’); gweinyẟa r.p. 1254 ‘serves’, gweinyẟ do. 1238; barn iv 2, barna Ps. cxxxv 14.
vi. (1) Sg. 3. ‑id, used where there was no preverb, is found in Ml. W., and survived in proverbs, and rarely in verse; like the fut. ‑(h)awd it became ‑(h)id; thus O. W. prinit (without ‑h‑) ox. 22b
