V sag- : Ir. saigim ' I seek ', Goth, sokjan, E. seek ; thus *mlato-8ag- >*blod-ha-> biota. The noun suff. -hai < *sagifj ' seeker ' 104 ii (2).
(b) ' to go as, act as ', in Ml. W. marchockaaf ' I ride ', wa;-- chockaawb s.G. 34, marchocawn do. 35 ; v.n. marchogaeth do. I, 35. A variant of the verb is formed without a suff. : marchogaf, 3rd sg. pres. subj. marchoco A.L. i 24, imps, marckocer do. 264, also with v.n. marchogayth ib.
Brit. *markakos agdme ' I go as rider ', treated as one word, gave
- marchogha^af > marchocdaf. But the v.n. was a proper compound
- markako-aktd > *markdkdktd > marchogaeth ' to ride '. In Dyfed a
new v.n. was formed from the vb. stem : marchocdu, now corrupted to brochgdu. (-aaf implies active flexion, but the vb. wasorig. middle.)
(c) ' to become, be ' with adjectives ; as gwanhaf ' I become weak', \.n.gwankdu ; cryfhdf' I become strong ', v.n. cryfhdu, dial, cryffdu ; trugarhaf 'I am merciful, have mercy', v.n. trugarhdu, from trugar ; etc.
Brit. *udnnos agame ' I go weak ' > *uanno8-agame > W. gwanhdaf, Where a vowel drops before 8, the latter remains as h, cf. 183 ii (2). It is a common usage to stereotype the nom. sg. mas. in such phrases ; cf. Lat. 2>otis sumus, not *potes sumus, and Skr. pi. i . datasmas instead of datarah smas following the sg. ddtasmi ' I shall give ' < data asmi ' I am a giver.' W. parhaf I continue ' (v.n. parUdu, pdrd)< Brit.
- paros-agame '-I go on the same'< Lat. par.
(d) ' to make ' with adjectives ; glanhaf ' I clean ', \.n.glanMn ; ffioastataf f l flatten, straighten', v.n. gwastatdu', cadarnhaf 'I strengthen', v.n. cadarnhdu.
Brit. * glanosagame > W. glanhdaf. The nom. sg. mas. was used because it had been stereotyped in this form of phrase in group (c).
To this group should probably be referred difetha 'to mar, spoil' < *di-fe8-ha ( to make unusable, unenjoyable ', Vmed- ' enjoy ', 199 i (3). The verb was difetMaf, see difetha-awS R.B.B. 394, diffethe-eiat W.M. 29, diffetha-er W.M.L. 137 (old ff for / 19 ii (2)) ; it is now re-formed as difethaf, though the v.n. remains unchanged.
(e) ' to use ', etc., with nouns ; as dyfrhaf' I water ', v.n. dyfrhdu ; coffaf'I remember', v.n. coffdu or coffa; bwytaf ' I eat', v.n. Iwyta.
Gwyn. dial. byta<O.W. bit juv., ML "W. byd B.B. 84, variant ofbwyd 101 iii (2). This group follows the analogy of (b) as (d) does that of (c).
U Similar formations abound in Ir., Thurneysen Gr. 314; but Ir.
