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THE TREATY OF LONDON.
273

Apponyi, &c., His Ambassador Extraordinary to Her Britannic Majesty, &c.;

The Chief of the Executive Power of the French Republic, the Sieur James Victor Albert Duc de Broglie, &c., Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic to Her Britannic Majesty, &c.;

His Majesty the King of Italy, the Chevalier Charles Cadorna, &c., His Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Her Britannic Majesty, &c.;

His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, the Sieur Philip Baron de Brunnow, &c., His Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Her Britannic Majesty, &c.;

And His Majesty the Emperor of the Ottomans, Constanine Musurus Pasha, &c., His Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Her Britannic Majesty, &c.;

Who, after having exchanged their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon the following Articles:—


The Black Sea and Straits (Arts. 1−3).

Arts. 11, 13, 14, and annexed Convention, of Treaty of Paris abrogated. Art. I. Articles XI, XIII, and XIV of the Treaty of Paris of March 30, 1856, as well as the special Convention concluded between Russia and the Sublime Porte, and annexed to the said Article XIV, are abrogated, and replaced by the following Article.

The Straits. Art. II. The principle of the closing of the Straits of the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus, such as it has been established by the separate Convention of March 30, 1856[1] is maintained, with power to His Imperial Majesty the Sultan to open the said Straits in time of peace to the vessels of war of friendly and allied Powers, in case the Sublime Porte should judge it necessary in order to secure the execution of the stipulations of the Treaty of Paris of March 30, 1856.

The Black Sea. Art. III. The Black Sea remains open, as heretofore, to the mercantile marine of all nations[2].


The Danube (Arts. 4−7).

The European Commission. Art. IV. The Commission established by Article XVI of the Treaty of Paris, in which the Powers who joined in sign-
  1. Supra, p. 255.
  2. Cf. Art. 12 of the Treaty of Paris, supra, p. 247.

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