The New International Encyclopædia/Chamberlain, Joshua Lawrence

CHAMBERLAIN, Joshua Lawrence (1828—). An American soldier and educator. He was born in Brewer, Me., graduated at Bowdoin College in 1852, and at the Bangor Theological Seminary in 1855, and was professor of modern languages at Bowdoin when the Civil War broke out. He then enlisted in the Union Army and served with distinction throughout the war, was six times wounded, and left the service (1865) with the brevet rank of major-general. From 1866 to 1870 he was Governor of Maine, and in 1871 was chosen president of Bowdoin College. When the Democrats and Fusionists, under the lead of Governor Garcelon, undertook in 1879-80 to get possession of the State government, and there was some danger of civil war, General Chamberlain commanded the militia of the State. He adhered to the regularly elected Legislature, as sustained by the unanimous opinion of the Supreme Court, and prevented the intended violence and usurpation. He resigned the presidency of Bowdoin in 1883, and removed to New York to practice law. He has written Maine: Her Place in History (1877); American Ideals, and Ethics and Politics of the Spanish Question, and is the editor of an extensive work entitled Universities and Their Sons (1898).