A Critical Exposition of the Popular 'Jihád'/Chapter 3
III.—The Defensive Character of the Wars.
- 17. Verses from the Koran in support of the defensive character of the wars
- 18. What the above quoted verses show
- 19. Justification of the Moslems in taking up arms against their aggressors
- 20. The first aggression after the Hegira was not on the part of Mohammad
- 21. The alleged instances examined
- 22. Hamza and Obeida's expeditions
- 23. Abwa, Bowat, and Osheira expeditions
- 24. The affair at Nakhla
- 25. At Badr Mohammad came only in his defence
- 26. The first aggression after the Hegira if from Mohammad, might fairly be looked upon as retaliation