PART I
TEXT AND TRANSLATION
SUBDIVISION OF LABOUR REQUIRES THAT INTERNATIONAL
AGENTS SHOULD DEVOTE THEMSELVES FIRST TO LANGUAGES,—
THEIR MEANS OF OPERATION,—AND NEXT TO THE STUDY OF MAN,
AS AN INDIVIDUAL AND IN COMMUNITIES.
A NEW CHINESE LANGUAGE OF VASTLY GREATER CAPACITY
THAN THE OLD IS COMING INTO USE THROUGH THE CURRENCY OF
NEWSPAPERS, THE INFLUENCE OF WHICH IS PERHAPS THE
GREATEST OUTWARD FORCE IN CHINA TO-DAY, AND IN SPITE OF
POLICE SURVEILLANCE TENDS TO INCREASE.
CHAPTER I THE COMMONWEALTH 1. PEOPLE WHO DO NOT ACT HAD BETTER NOT CRY I LOVE MY COUNTRY. BY FEATHERS When others with contempt treat me The whole wide world, whether it be continent or country or world or individuals, is busy with its occupations the livelong day, regardless of trouble, and after all what is it for? One word, love, describes it. According to the interpretation of the word love, the dictionary says it springs from jen humanity. It stands for the cognate characters, affection, grace, kindness, mercy. It also stands for disposition to joy (or love of pleasure), as well as admiration; again it stands for concupiscence. Meius says in the supplement, as to love, it is the extreme of the affections. That which men cannot be lacking in for a day, or be short of for a moment is love. There is constant expenditure of nerve and bone and of brain: now in rejoicing, now in chafing, now in grief, now in laughter. The thousand forms and myriad phases we undergo, the strange and the fantastic, are nothing other than the impulses of love. If there is an absence of the feeling of love for a day, for the day there is no pleasure. If there is a temporary absence of love, for the time we do not live. A philosopher has said, 'Love is the mother of hope.' If there be no love, how can there be hope? In talking of the word love, there are various exegeses of its meaning. There is disinterested love, and egotistic love: there is altruistic love, and selfish love: there is true love, and illicit love. In a word, given a human being, there is not one without the feelings of love. When love operates in great things, in public matters, and in legitimate matters, races and tribes will become strong and prosperous, and happiness will increase and grow. When love operates in a self-indulgent sphere, or in a selfish spirit, or in illicit ways, the body will be brought to decay, the reputation will be tarnished, and calamities will soon overtake one. Egotistic love, selfish love, illicit love seek only private ends and private gain; they only know the self, and not the public. The injury done by this kind of love is very great, and cannot be outlined in detail now. To-day let us treat of disinterested love， public love, true love. These three loves imply love operating to the very utmost, regardless of life and wealth； for the reason that there is a certain object still more precious than life, and more exalted than riches. Ability to love this object, will ensure immortality of life, and perpetuity of wealth. What then can this something be? It is comprehended in two words, The State. Ever since the opening of intercourse between East and West the acclamation of these words, love of country, has reverberated on the drum of the ear; newspapers constantly contain them, and preachers often and often expound them. Once more as we come again to speak of it, we remember that you are surfeited with it; still I can't but speak of it, though you are surfeited with it. But simply to speak is not enough. To take a little part in practical patriotism alone will do. Just consider what good can there be in speaking to-day of patriotism, and also to-morrow, and speaking so that people are delighted, but without doing the least thing practically for patriotism. To-day China has already reached its most critical times, which means that the lives and property of you gentlemen have come to points of great danger. Therefore you gentlemen must first love country if you want to love (effectively) your lives and property. But empty talk is useless. What is wanted is that something practical be done for patriotism and that quickly. There is a sentence of a Western scholar; 'The State is the public father and the public mother of the people.' The State and the People！ What deep affection, what profound meaning the words suggest！ From my ancestors down to me, we were all born here, have eaten here. Joy and sorrow have intermingled here, and in ten thousand years they cannot fade. Since I was born in this country, the matter of patriotism is a natural duty which ought to be discharged, and an obligation enjoined by law. They who are unlucky enough to be born in the savage regions of Africa, or amongst the aborigines where headaches and fevers rage, have also to maintain it and cherish it; how much more should we who are born in China, where the air is pure and cordial, and where the earth is fertile. Our civilization is earlier than that of others; we have territories wider than other nations; our population is more numerous; and our products more abundant than those of other people. In the wide hemispheres, of all countries there is not one comparable to it. That we luckily were born in this bit of land is a matter of supremest glory, of the greatest happiness. Possessing then this so goodly a country would it not be passing strange were we not to know how to protect and cherish it? Some one may say, where shall we begin to love such a great country? If I want to love it, how shall I go about it? Allow me to tell you, it is not a difficult matter to love one's country when one is truly desirous of doing so. Let me begin by speaking of it in regard to the external world. If a foreigner insults me I must think of a way of retaliation. If others think to prey on me I must find a way to withstand them. And as to my attitude towards internal affairs; it only needs in any matter of utility the government may have, whether concerning trade, agriculture, industries, politics, education, military, police and such like, that I should exert my utmost strength (in co-operating); nothing less should satisfy my conscience. This is what is meant by doing practical things for love of country. You will be saying after hearing this talk, it looks much like the talk of a tyro. I tell you all, gentlemen, if every one were to carry into action what the tyro says, our China, the Republic, would naturally become prosperous and strong.
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官話彙編 第一章關於政治的演說 ( 一 ) 說國民不要空說愛國不去幹實事(羽) 人家有欺侮我的就要想個法兒去 1大地球上的人無論何洲何國何界何人正天營業不管勞苦究竟爲的是 甚麼呢 2一個字的考語就是愛 3按愛字的解釋字韻上說仁之發也 4又當親字恩字惠字憐字講又當好樂講又當仰慕講又當貪戀講 5墨子外篇上說愛者情之至也 6人生在世一天不可缺的一時不可少的就是愛倩 7正天勞筋骨費腦力忽然喜了忽然怒了忽然悲了忽然笑了千狀萬態奇奇怪怪不過是被愛倩驅使罷了 8一天斷了愛情一天沒有樂趣 9片刻斷了愛情片刻不能生活 10哲學家說過愛情者希望之母也 11沒有愛情那裏更有希望呢 12要說這個愛字很有幾個解釋 13有大愛有小愛有公愛有私愛有正愛有邪愛 14總而言之只要是個人沒有沒愛情的 15愛情 用在 大處用 在公處 用在正 處種族 可以強 盛 幸福可 以增進 16愛情 用在小 處用在 私處用 在邪處 身可以 敗名可以壤禍 患也馬 上就 要到了 17 小 愛私愛 邪愛不 過自私 自利只 知道自 已不知 道大家 "這 種愛倩 害處很 大今天 也不 能細說 19 如 今先 說這個 大愛公 愛正愛 三愛 要愛到 極處性 命要不 愛惜財 產要 不顧全 因爲有 一 種 物件比 性命還 重比財 產還高 化愛 這種物 件性命 纔可以 長存財 產纔可 以長保 22 究竟 這種物 件是什 麽呢就 是國家 兩個字 23 自從 開通以 來愛國 兩個字 喧嚷的 震人耳 鼓報紙 上也常 常登宣 講員也 常常講 24 現在 又來說 着也覺 得俗厭 雖然俗 厭可不 能不說 S 竟說可 又不行 。《 ^總 得作 點兒愛 國的 實事那 纔行呢 _ 。^你 想今 天說愛 國明天 說愛國 說倒說 得好聽 却沒有 一 點愛國 的實事 做出來 那有什 麽用呢 "現 在中 國已經 到了很 危險的 時候就 是諸位 的性命 和財 產到了 很危險 的時侯 "所 以諸位 要愛自 已的性 命和財 產先得 要愛國 。^ 空說 可不行 1。 要赶 赶緊緊 做點愛 國的實 事纔行 "西 儒有 句話國 家者國 民之公 父公母 也 "國 家和 國民恩 深義重 "自 祖先 到我本 身生在 這兒吃 在這兒 "休 戚相 關萬年 不散 旣生在 這個國 裏愛國 這件事 就是應 盡的天 職法定 的義務 ""不 幸生 在斐洲 野 蠻的地 方頭痛 身熱的 部落也 應當保 護愛惜 何况我 們生在 中國氣 候是淸 和土地 是膏 腴開化 比人早 i § 比 人大人 民比人 多物產 比人厚 38 全 球各國 沒有比 得過的 39 我們 徼幸生 在這瑰 土地上 就是極 大的光 榮極大 的福氣 40 有 這們 好的國 家要不 知道保 護愛惜 豈不是 一 件 怪事麽 41 有人說了 那們大 的國家 從那兒 愛起呢 42 就 是要愛 怎麼個 入手呢 43 吿訴 諸位說當眞 要愛國 也不是 一 回難事 44 對 外說 起來人 家有欺 侮我的 就要想 個法兒 去報復 他 45 人家 有計算 我的就 要想個 法兒去 抵住他 46 至於 對內只 要是和 國家有 益的事 情 無論在 農工商 政學軍 警等界 上總得 把自已 的力量 盡到了 纔算無 愧我心 47 這都 叫 作愛國 的實事 48 這 種話剛 聽到似 乎是老 生常談 49 告 訴諸 位說人 人要把 老生常 談做 到我中 華民國 自然就 富強了
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