English: (A, B) GBM2 conditioned media (CM) were prepared by incubating cells with medium alone (Ctr), IL-1ra (1 µg/ml), IL-1α (10 ng/ml) or both, as indicated (right panel, B). Control cultures were exposed to fresh medium (Ctr medium) or recombinant IL-1α (left panel, A). Human fetal mixed neuronal cultures were exposed to CM and neurotoxicity was measured by trypan blue exclusion at 72 h post incubation. Arrows indicate the examples of dead (blue) cells. (C) Number of trypan blue+ cells are counted in each conditions and data are pooled from three independent experiments. *** p<0.001, **p<0.01, * p<0.005 Neurotoxic activity was induced by glioma secretome (activated or non-activated), as well as recombinant IL-1α. IL-1ra completed reversed neurotoxicity in glioma CM.