ANGKOR —ANGLI C A N same extent as the Polypetahe and Gamopetahe of other systems. We do not yet know the significance of this correlation Between number of integuments and union of petals. The reader will find in the following works details of the subject and references to the literature :—De Bary. Comparative Anatomy of Phanerogams and Ferns. English ed. Oxford, 1884,—Bentham and Hooker. Genera Plantarum. London, 1862-83.—Eichler. Bluthendiagramme. Leipzig, 1875-78. —Engler and Prantl. Die naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Leipzig, 1887-99.—Goebel. Organography of Plants. English ed. Oxford, 1900 (Part L). — Haberlandt. Physiologisehe Pfianzeanatomie. Aull. ii. Leipzig, 1896.—Knuth. Handbuch der Bliitenbiologie. Leipzig, 1898, 1899.—Nawaschin. ^ Ueber die Befriichtungsvorgange bei einigen Dicotyledonen, Ber. d. deutsch. botan. 'Gesellsch., June 1900.—Penzig. Pflanzen-Teratologic. Genua, 1890 - 94. — Pfeffer. Physiology of Plants. English ed. Oxford, 1900.—Sachs. Lectures on the Physiology of Plants. English ed. Oxford, 1887. — History of Botany. English ed. Oxford, 1890.—Sargant. “Recent Work on the Results of Fertilization in Angiosperms,” Ann. of Bot. 1900.— Schimper. Pfianzen-Geographic auf physiologischer Grundlage. Jena, 1898.—Seward. “Notes on the Geological History of Monocotyledons,” Ann. of Bot. 1896.-—-Solereder. bystematische Anatomie der Dicotyledonen. Stuttgart, 1899. Van Tieghem. filaments de Botanique. Paris, 1898.—M arming. Plantesamfund. Kjobenhavn, 1895. German ed., Lehrbuch der Oekologischen Pfanzengeographie. Berlin, 1896. — Zeiller. fiUments de Palocobotanique. Paris, 1900. (l. B. B.) Angkor, Wat. See Siemrat and Cambodia. Anglesea or Anglesey, an insular county of North Wales, separated from Carnarvon by the narrow channel known as the Menai Strait. Area and Population. — The area of the ancient and administrative county is 175,836 acres or 275 square miles, with a population in 1881 of 51,416, and in 1901 of 50,590, the number of persons per square mile being 184, and of acres to a person 3-48. The area of the registration county is 120,199 acres with a population in 1891 of 34,219. Within this area the increase of population between 1891 and 1901 was 1'0 per cent. The excess of births over deaths between 1881 and 1891 was 2392, and the decrease in the resident population was 908. The following table gives the number of marriages, births, and deaths, with the number and percentage of illegitimate births for 1880, 1890, and 1899 . Illegitimate Births. Deaths. Marriages. Births. Year. Percentage. 1880 1890 1899
217 199 241
1023 800 894
1023 729 '592
74 73 58
7-3 9-1 6-5
In 1891 there were in the county 129 natives of Scotland, 409 natives of Ireland, and 71 foreigners, while 2509 could speak English, 23,200 Welsh, and 7281 English and Welsh. Constitution and Government.—Anglesea returns one member to parliament, and it has now no parliamentary borough. _ there is one municipal borough, Beaumaris (2310). _ The following are urban districts : Holyhead (10,072), Llangefni (1751), and Menai Bridge (1600). It is in the North Wales circuit, assizes being held lit Beaumaris. There are forty-four ecclesiastical districts or parishes, all in the diocese of Bangor. . Education.—The number of elementary schools on 31st August 1899 was 64, of which 39 were board and 25 voluntary schools, the latter including 22 Church of England schools, 1 Roman Catholic, and 2 “ British and other.” The average attendance at board schools was 4060, and at voluntary schools 2330. 1 fie total school board receipts for the year ending 29th September 1899 were over £14,242. The income under the Agricultural Rates Act vva-b 3LOAO. , , n ,-i . Aqriculture.—About six-sevenths of the total area of the county is under cultivation, and of this, more than half is m permanent | Permanent Fallow. Green Corn „rear. |! Oultivat Area under ion. Crops. I Crops. | Clover. I Pasture. 1880 147,011 26,389 9,468 26,431 84,389 1885 148,006 26,639 10,004 27,203 83,975 1890 149,451 26,188 10,062 31,724 81,421 89,592 1895 152,004 24,798 9,305 28,219 76,810 1900 152,478 21,712 9,095 44,721 pasture. Less than 8000 acres are hill pasture, and only a little more than 2000 acres are under woods. Almost the whole acreage
COMMUNION
441
under corn crops is occupied by oats ; more than half the green crop acreage is under turnips, and considerably more than a fourth under potatoes. A few acres of flax are usually grown. The preceding table gives the larger main divisions of the cultivated area at intervals of five years from 1880. The following table gives particulars regarding the principal live stock for the same years :— Cows and Total Total in Milk Sheep. Horses. Cattle. Heifers or in Calf. 46,735 13,986 15,047 7108 43,740 47,268 15,579 16,299 7040 47,299 64,382 20,028 15,951 6947 47,753 15,884 59,315 18,560 7604 49,249 17,264 82,145 15,438 8367 56,653 Industries and Trade.—According to the report for 1898 of the chief inspector of factories (1900), the total number of persons employed in 1897 in textile and non-textile factories and workshops was 997, the number in 1896 being 929 ; 751 of the 997 were engaged in non-textile factories. The mining industries have been gradually declining, and in 1899 only employed 549 persons. Copper has almost ceased to be worked, but some zinc is still obtained. In 1899 there were raised 61,557 tons of limestone and 23,711 of sandstone. Fish are plentiful round the whole coast. The fish landed at Holyhead in 1899 amounted to 17,708 cwt., valued at £3288 ; and the total value, including shell-fish, was £3562. See Rowland, Mona Antiqua Bestaurata. Dublin, 1723 ; 2nd edition, London, 1726. History of Anglesey (serving as supplement to Rowland’s work). London, 1//5. See also the various guide-books to North Wales. AngSeur, a town of Belgium, 3 miles by rail S.E. of Liege on the river Vesdre. It is the headquarters of the mining association known as the Vieille Montagne, which has zinc foundries here. Population (communal) (1866), 2554; (1880), 4357; (1890), 5902; (1897), 8001. Anglican Communion. — The Anglican communion consists of the churches of England and Ireland, the Scottish Episcopal Church, and the daughter churches which have sprung from them and are in full communion with them; chief amongst these latter being, of course, the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States of North America. Until the 19 th century these latter were so few in number and so insignificant in size that such a phrase might well have seemed needless : to-day the churches of the Anglican Communion are a power throughout the world. Together they constitute one of the three great historical divisions of Christendom; the others, of course, being the churches of the Homan obedience and those of the Orthodox east. Ihe Church of England was already, in the 8th century, a “ mother of churches” on the mainland of Europe, through the work of Willibrord, Boniface, and their followers: after this, however, it suffered from the general stagnation, so far as aggressive work was concerned, which overtook most of western Christendom. Nor did it readily emulate the example of missionary activity shown in the 16th century by the Jesuits. Some care was taken to provide for the immediate spiritual needs of English colonists in America, and many isolated efforts were made to convert the Indians. But the predominant Calvinistic theology was not conducive to missionary work, whilst supposed legal difficulties, and the current theory of Church and State, long prevented the consecration of bishops for the Colonies. Archbishop Laud attempted to obtain a bishop for Virginia. A nomination was actually made by Charles II., and other efforts were put forth in the early part of the 18th century; but they all came to nothing. In spite of increasingly urgent petitions, the Colonies still remained unprovided for. Meanwhile they were theoretically under the care of the bishops of London, who from time to time sent commissaries to America, and ordained young men who were sent to England for the
