D A W L I S H — DAWSON of directing the movements of distant armies from the through Georgia across the Mississippi, in the vain hope seat of government, though those armies were under able of continuing the war with the forces of Generals Smith generals. This naturally caused great dissatisfaction, and and Magruder. He was taken prisoner by Federal troops before he reached the river, and was brought back to Old more than once resulted in irreparable disaster. Only two instances need be cited. In the winter of Point, Virginia, that he might be confined in prison at 1861-62 General Thomas J. (“Stonewall”) Jackson was Fortress Monroe. His prison was a casemate under a damp in command of the Valley forces. He planned and executed parapet, in which a light was kept constantly burning, and a brilliant winter attack on Romney in Hampshire county, sentinels paced backwards and forwards continually. He occupied by the Federals, and during his march destroyed ^as heavily chained, and his coarse food was served in a dam on the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, an important filthy vessels. He entered the prison a feeble man, and feeder to Washington. The position gained was very im- such treatment soon brought him to death’s door. Dr portant in the defence of the Valley of Virginia. General Craven, the Federal surgeon who attended him, by earnest Loring, with a part of the command, was left at Romney pleas had his treatment changed and saved his life. Perto hofd the advantages gained. But he communicated sistent efforts were made to connect him with the assassinwith the War Department, and requested to be allowed ation of President Lincoln and with the harsh treatment of to retire, on the plea that he might be cut off, although prisoners at Andersonville, but without avail. Two indictJackson was within supporting distance. Thereupon, the ments were found against him for treason, and for several administration, without consultation with General Jackson, years he was denied trial or bail. Such cruel treatment ordered Boring’s withdrawal, which resulted in a serious aroused the sympathy of the Southern people, who regarded disadvantage in the defence of the Valley. General him as a martyr to their cause, and in a great measure Jackson at once tendered his resignation, and it was with restored him to that place in their esteem which by his the greatest difficulty that the Governor of Virginia, with blunders he had lost. It also aroused a general feeling in something like an apology from the War Department, was the North, and when finally he was admitted to bail, able to retain for the Confederacy the services of this great Horace Greely, Cornelius Vanderbilt, Gerrett Smith, and military genius. In 1864 General Joseph E. Johnston, in others in that section who had been his political opponents, command of the army of Tennessee, was faced by General became his sureties. Charles O’Conor, a leader of the New Sherman with nearly double his force. Johnston eluded York Bar, volunteered to act as his counsel. With him Sherman’s efforts to outflank him, and in a series of en- was associated Robert Ould of Richmond, a lawyer of great gagements, inflicting great loss, drew him some hundreds ability. They moved to quash the indictment on which of miles from his base. He then urged Mr Davis to send he was brought to trial. Chief Justice Chase and Judge a strong body of cavalry to the rear of Sherman and Underwood constituted the court, which was divided, the destroy his line of supplies. This Mr Davis declined to Chief Justice voting to sustain the motion and Underwood do, but instead insisted on Johnston’s stopping the advance to overrule it. The matter was thereupon certified to the of his opponent. General Sherman commanded the best Supreme Court of the United States, and no decision of of the Federal troops, and Johnston, having reached which there is record was ever announced by that high Atlanta and having prepared to defend it on his own chosen tribunal. Meanwhile the administration dismissed the ground, declined to say what his future movements might prosecution and discharged the accused. The health of be, as they were dependent on the fortunes of war. Mr Davis was greatly injured by the harsh treatment Whereupon Mr Davis relieved him and placed in command inflicted on him while at Fortress Monroe, a harrowing acGeneral J. B. Hood, a greatly inferior soldier, who, in a count of which is given by the Federal surgeon Dr Craven series of wild assaults on Sherman, soon shattered the in his Prison Life of Jefferson Davis. It was some years magnificent army which Johnston had led with such before he was sufficiently recovered to write his Rise and Fall of the Confederate States of America. In this ability. The defeats of Hood hastened the fate of the Confeder- volume he attempted to vindicate his administration, and acy. During the winter of 1864-65 the resources of the in so doing he attacked the records of those generals he Government showed such exhaustion that it was apparent disliked. He died on 6th December 1889 at New Orleans, that the end would come with the opening of the Spring leaving a widow and two daughters Margaret, wno married campaign. This was clearly stated in the reports of the J. A. Hayes, and Varina, better known as “Winnie” Heads of Departments and of General Lee. President Davis, the “ daughter of the Confederacy,” who died unDavis, however, acted as if he was assured of ultimate suc- married in 1899. The life of Jefferson Davis has been written several times. The cess. He sent Duncan F. Kenner as special commissioner most prominent of these publications are those by J. WiUiam to the courts of England and France to obtain recognition Jones, D.D., and by Mrs Yarina Davis, his widow. But his hte of the Confederacy on condition of the abolition of is so prominently identified with the struggle between the btates, slavery. When a conference was held in Hampton Roads that every history of that great contest must present him in the (w. W. H .) on 3rd February 1865 between President Lincoln and foreground. Secretary Seward on the one side, and A. H. Stevens, R. DawSish, a seaside resort in the Ashburton parliaM. T. Hunter, and Judge James A. Campbell, representing mentary division of Devonshire, England, 11 miles south President Davis, on the other, he instructed his representa- by east of Exeter by rail. A masonic hall was built in tives to insist on the recognition of the Confederacy as a 1890. A dispensary was established in 1885, .and aQ condition to any arrangement for the termination of the infirmary in 1896. The cottage hospital, founded m 1871, war. This defeated the object of the conference, and was removed to other premises in 1880. The area of the deprived the South of terms which would have been more civil parish is 5370 acres. The population m 1881 was beneficial than those imposed by the conqueror when the 4595, and in 1891 it was 4925. The area of the urban end came a few weeks later. The last days of the Con- district is 1500 acres. The population m 1881 was 3977 , federate Congress were spent in recriminations between in 1901, 4003. that body and President Davis, and the popularity with Dawson, Sir John William (1820-1899), which he commenced his administration had almost entirely Canadian man of science, was born at Pictou, Nova bcotia, vanished. After the surrender of the armies of Lee and Johnston on 30th October 1820. Of Scottish descent, he went to in April 1865, President Davis attempted to make his way Edinburgh to complete his education, and graduated a
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