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INDONESIAN LINGUISTICS
and change of i into e. — It becomes f in many languages; thus in Hova when initial or between vowels, as in fitu, "seven". — It becomes w in Nias in sentence-sandhi in accordance with the law changing surds into sonants (§ 302). Original IN par1ay, "rice", appears in Nias as faχe; but in the Dancing Hymn in Bijdr. 1905, p. 12, 1. 4 from the bottom, we find: "I winnow rice" = u siχi waχe. — It becomes k. "Some of the tribes of the Eastern Toba cannot pronounce f and make a k of it, thus kiso for the standard Toba piso, 'kiso'" (Van der Tuuk). — It becomes h in Rottinese, as in hitu, "seven".
III. Original IN p disappears entirely in several languages; thus in certain cases in Kissarese, hence Original IN pira > Kis. ira, "how much".
113. Original IN b. I. It persists unchanged in many of the living languages. Original IN baṅaw, "heron", appears also in Malay, Dayak, etc., as baṅaw, in Old Javanese as baṅo.
II. Original IN b becomes bh in certain cases in Madurese, hence Original IN buru ^ Mad. bhuru, "to hunt". — It becomes p in Buli in certain cases, hence Original IN bulu > Buli plu, "hair". — It becomes w in several languages; thus in Hova when initial or between vowels, as in wanu, "heron". — It becomes f in Rottinese, hence Original IN r1ibu > Rot. lifu, "thousand". — It becomes h in the Silayarese dialect of Makassar in certain cases, hence Original IN běli, "price" > Mak. balli > Sil. halli.
III. Original IN b disappears altogether in several languages; thus in Gayo in certain cases when initial, hence Original IN batu > Gayo atu, "stone".
114. Original IN m. I. It persists for the most part unchanged in the living languages. Original IN mata, "eye", is also mata in Old Javanese, Bagobo, etc., matan in Tettum. etc.
II. Original IN m becomes n in several languages: thus in Hova when final, hence Original IN inum, "to drink" > Hova inuna, "to drink poison". — It becomes ṅ in a few
