troduced a miniature grain-field to illustrate the process of reaping by machinery. His most suc- cessful effort was in the Tilghman glycerine case, when his argument induced the supreme court to. reverse its first decision on the same patent. Since 1854 Mr. Harding has been a member of the Ameri- can philosophical society. — Another son, William White, publisher, b. in Philadelphia, 1 Nov., 1830: d. there 15 May. 1889. He became asso- ciated with his father in 1855 in the publishing of the " Inquirer " and of Harding's edition of the Bible. Over two million copies of the Bible have been published by the Hardings. In April, 1860, William W. Harding changed the name of the newspaper to the " Philadelphia Inquirer," and its size from a folio to a quarto sheet. During the civil war he rendered important services to the government, in acknowledgment of which Sec. Stanton wrote to Mr. Harding: "Prom no one have I received in my official labors more disinter- ested and highly prized support than from your- self." From 1863 till 1878 Mr. Harding manufac- tured paper at the Inquirer paper-mills, Manayunk, near Philadelphia, where he introduced many new systems and inventions. At the Centennial in 1876 he was awarded a medal for paper-making, binding, and printing, he being the only exhibitor at whose establishment the paper was made, printed, and bound into the completed book.
HARDY, Arthur Sherburne, author, b. in An-
dover, Mass., 13 Aug., 1847. He studied for a year
at Amherst, and in 1865 entered the U. S. military
academy, where he was graduated in 1869. Sub-
sequently he became 2d lieutenant in the 3d artil-
lery, and, after a few months' service as assistant
instructor of artillery tactics in the academy, he
was assigned to garrison duty in Fort Jefferson,
Fla. In 1870 he was honorably discharged from
the U. S. army at his own request, and until 1873
held the professorship of civil engineering and ap-
plied mathematics in Iowa college, Grinnell. He
then spent one year in study at the Ecole imperiale
des ponts et chaussees in Paris. On his return he
was professor of civil engineering in the Chandler
scientific school of Dartmouth until 1878, when he
accepted the chair of mathematics in the college
proper. In 1873 he received the degree of Ph. D.
from Amherst, and he is a member of various
scientific societies. Prof. Hardy has published
"Elements of Quaternions" (Boston, 1881) ; " Im-
aginary Quantities," translated from the French of
Argand, with notes (New York, 1881) ; and " New
Methods in Topographical Surveying " (1884). Be-
sides these, he is the author of a poem entitled
" Francesca of Rimini " (Philadelphia, 1878), and
of the two novels, " But yet a Woman " (Boston,
1883), and "The Wind of Destiny" (1886).
HARDY, Arthur Sturgis, Canadian statesman,
b. at Mount Pleasant, Brant co., Ont., 14 Dec, 1837.
He was educated at a grammar-school and at the
Rockwood academy, studied law, and was admitted
to the bar in 1865. He then began practice at
Brantford, was appointed city solicitor in 1867,
and in 1875 elected a bencher of the Law society
of Ontario. In 1873 he was elected to the legis-
lature of Ontario for South Brant, re-elected for
the same constituency in 1875, by acclamation, and
in March, 1877, became provincial secretary and
registrar of Ontario. Mr. Hardy has introduced
and carried through the legislature measures con-
solidating and amending the jurors' act, and others
relating to the liquor-license law, the jurisdiction
of division courts, and joint-stock companies.
HARDY, Benjamin Franklin, physician, b. in
Kennebunk, Me., 28 Jan., 1808 ; d. in San Fran-
cisco, Cal., 22 Nov., 1886. He was left an orphan
at four vears of age, was educated at Haverford
college, Pa., and graduated in medicine in 1840 at
the University of Pennsylvania. He subsequently
removed to New Bedford, Mass., and after prac-
tising there for several years accepted the appoint-
ment of court physician and physician in charge
of the marine hospital at the Hawaiian islands. He
arrived there in 1856, and after remaining six years
removed to San Francisco, Cal., where he practised
until his death. He was the founder of the San
Francisco lying-in hospital and foundling asylum,
incorporated in 1868, and regarded this as his life-
work. He was its manager, physician, and surgeon
till within two months of his death.
HARDY, Sir Charles, British soldier, b. about
1705 ; d. in Spithead, England, 18 May, 1780. He
became captain in the navy, 10 Aug., 1741, governor
and commander-in-chief at Newfoundland in 1744,
and as rear-admiral of the white was second in
command at the taking of Louisburg in 1758. He
was British administrative governor of New York
in 1755-'7, and vice-admiral of the white in Hawke's
victory of Belle Isle in 1759. Sir Charles was gov-
ernor of Greenwich hospital in 1771-'80. — His
brother, Josiah, merchant, was governor of New
Jersey in 1761-3, but was dismissed for issuing a
commission to judges during good behavior, in vio-
lation of his instructions.
HARDY, Elias, lawyer, b. in 1746 ; d. in St.
John, New Brunswick, in 1799. He was practising
as a lawyer in New York at the close of the Revo-
lutionary war, and soon afterward settled in St.
John, New Brunswick, where he was known as the
" London lawyer." At the election of members
for the first house of assembly, Mr. Hardy was
elected for Northumberland county, and was chosen
for St. John in the second house of assembly. In
the celebrated slander case of 1790, in which Mon-
son Hait was placed on trial charged with accusing
Benedict Arnold with burning his warehouse in
order to defraud the company that had insured the
property, Mr. Hardy was counsel for the defendant,
against whom the jury returned a verdict of two
shillings and sixpence damages. He married a
daughter of Dr. Peter Huggerford, surgeon in the
New York regiment raised by Col. Beverley Robin-
son. Several years after her husband's death Mrs.
Hardy and her family returned to New York.
HARDY, James Ward, educator, b. in Georgia,
19 Jan., 1815 ; d. in Alabama, 14 Aug., 1853. He
was graduated at Randolph-Macon college, Va., in
1837, and in the same year was elected to the chair
of natural science in that institution, also entering
the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal church.
He was for several years professor of mathematics
in Grange college, Ala., and afterward its president.
HARDY, Samuel, statesman, b. in Isle of Wight county, Va., about 1758; d. in New York city in October, 1785. He was a son of Richard Hardy, and descended from George Hardy, who represented that county in the house of burgesses 1642-'52. Samuel was educated at William and Mary college in 1776-'81, began the practice of law, was in the house of delegates one or two sessions, and in June, 1781, was appointed a member of the executive council. He was a member of the continental congress from Virginia in 1783-5. On 6 May, 1784, he voted against the resolution in congress restricting the salary of a foreign minister of the United States to $8,000, and on 7 May opposed the motion that the salary of a U. S. secretary for foreign affairs should not exceed $3,000 per annum. In May, 1784, he nominated Jefferson as minister plenipotentiary to Europe to assist
