HERDONANA, Antonio Modesto, Mexican clergyman, b. in Tepeapulco, Mexico. 12 Feb., 1709 ; d. in Puebla de Los Angeles, 31 May, 1758. He became a member of the Jesuit order on 1 June, 1730, and devoted himself to the ministry of the Indians in the city of Mexico, where he lived twenty-four years. He founded the College of St. Francis Xavier in Puebla de Los Angeles for the training of Jesuit missionaries to the Indians, and built in Mexico the College of St. Mary of Gua- deloupe for Indian girls. He wrote "Constitu- ciones para el Colegio de Indias doncellas de Ntra Sra de Guadelupe de Mejico," " Consultas al Rmo P. Ignacio Visconti, General de la Compania de Jesus," " Carta al Rmo P. General de la Com p. de Jesus Luis Centurione." and " Representaciones al Arzobispo y a la Real Audiencia de Mejico, sobre la f undacion del Colegio para las Indias."
HEREDIA, Jose Maria de (ay-ray'-dee-ah),
Cuban author, b. in Santiago de Cuba, 31 Dec,
1803 ; d. in Mexico in May, 1839. His early years
were spent in travelling with his parents in Cuba,
Florida, Santo Domingo, Venezuela, and Mex-
ico. In 1817 he went to Havana, where his studies
were completed. He was admitted to the bar in
1823, and in the same year, on account of his po-
litical and liberal ideas, he was banished to the
United States. There he published a volume of
poems (New York, 1825 ; new ed., enlarged, 2 vols.,
1832). which made his name at once famous as a
lyrical poet in every Spanish-speaking country.
In the same year he was called by President Victo-
ria to Mexico, and practised law there till the end
of his life, filling several high offices. His trag-
edy "Sila" was performed in 1826. "Tiberio" in
1827, and "Los ultimos romanos" in 1829. The
poems of Heredia have passed through numerous
editions in Spain as well as in the Spanish-American
countries, and have been translated, totally or par-
tially, into English, French. Italian, German, and
Portuguese. The best Spanish critics, like Lista,
Quintana, Bello, Canete, (Janovas del Castillo, and
Menendez Pelayo, have paid high tributes to his
lyrical talent ; while French and English writers,
like Villemain, Ampere, De Mazade, Kennedy, and
Longfellow, have also bestowed their praises on
the Cuban poet. There has been recently a move-
ment in Cuba for the erection of a monument to
his memory. Heredia also published " Lecciones
de Historia" Universal" (4 vols., 1830-'l), and trans-
lations in verse of Alfieri's "Saul," Chenier's
" Cayo Graco," Ducis's " Abufar," Voltaire's " Ma-
homet," and Crebillon's " Atreo y Thiestes."
HEREDIA, Pedro de, Spanish soldier, b. in
Madrid in the last quarter of the 15th century : d.
at sea in 1555. In his youth he killed three noble-
men in a brawl, and was obliged to leave Madrid,
taking refuge in Santo Domingo, where he in-
herited some property. In 1526 he was appointeu
to supersede the governor of Santa Marta, and
went to the American continent, where he soon dis-
tinguished himself in the numerous battles against
the Indians. Heredia went to Spain and obtained,
in 1532, from Charles V., permission to explore
and possess the territory from the river Magdalen
to the Atrato, as far inland as the equator. With
three vessels and about 100 men, he sailed from
Spain, touched at Hispaniola, where, from his es-
tates, he obtained more men and a supply of horses,
and on 15 Jan., 1533, reached the coast of what
was then called the province of Calamari, entering,
in 11° N., a port which he called Cartagena de las
Indias, and on a small island, Codego, he laid, on
21 Jan., the foundations for the city of that name.
After defeating the Indians in the battles of Canopote and Turvaco, he conquered a large terri-
tory, and founded the cities of San Sebastian de
Buena Vista, Santiago de ToM, and Villa Maria.
In 1535 he had a disagreement with the newly
elected bishop, Tomas de Toro, and was accused
of appropriating the treasure found in the Indian
villages without accounting to the crown for its
share. He was tried and sent as a prisoner to
Spain. But the council of India exonerated him,
and he soon returned to his government. Hearing
that Antioquia, which he claimed as belonging to
his dominions, was occupied by Benalcazar's troops,
he marched against them ; but on 4 March, 1542,
was taken prisoner and sent to Panama for trial.
The judges acknowledged his right, and he was
liberated. On 27 July, 1543, the French fleet took
Cartagena by surprise. Heredia fled to the woods,
and the city was plundered. A special commis-
sioner was sent to investigate the government of
New Granada, Heredia was accused of malfea-
sance, was again deposed, and in 1556 was sent as a
prisoner to Spain on the fleet commanded by Ad-
miral Cosme Rodriguez Farfan, which was lost on
the coast of Africa.
HEREFORD, Frank, senator, b. in Fauquier
county, Va., 4 July, 1825. He received a liberal
education, studied law, and was admitted to the
bar. After beginning practice in Virginia he re-
moved to California, where from 1855 till 1857 he
was district attorney of Sacramento county. He
afterward settled in West Virginia, was elected to
congress, and twice re-elected, serving from 4
March, 1871, to 4 Dec, 1876, when he took his seat
in the U. S. senate, having been appointed in the
place of Allen T. Caperton, deceased. He was
elected by the legislature for the remainder of the
term, which expired in 1881.
HERING, Constantin, physician, b. in Oschatz,
Saxony, 1 Jan., 1800; d. in Philadelphia, Pa., 23 July,
1880. He studied medicine at Leipsic, at Würzburg,
where he was graduated as doctor of medicine,
obstetrics, and surgery in 1826, and at the
surgical academy in Dresden. Having been
engaged to write a book confuting homœopathy,
he read Hahnemann's works, became a convert,
sought out the author, and became his personal
friend. He was for a time instructor in
mathematics and natural science in Berckmann's
institute, Dresden, and was sent by the king of Saxony
to Surinam to make botanical and zoölogical
collections. After practising medicine for a time in
Paramaribo he sailed for Philadelphia, where he
arrived in January, 1833. There he founded a
homœopathic school, the first of its kind in any
country. From 1845 till 1869 he filled the chairs
of institutes of medicine and materia medica in
the Philadelphia college of homœopathy. He
devoted much study to cures for the bites of venomous
serpents and for hydrophobia, and developed
many of Hahnemann's theories. He was joint
editor of the “Medical Correspondent” (Allentown,
1835-'6), of the “Miscellanies of Homœopathy”
(Philadelphia, 1839), of the “North American
Homœopathic Quarterly” (New York, 1851-'2),
and of the “Homœopathic News” (1854), and
founded and edited the “American Journal of
Homœopathic Materia Medica.” He published
many books in both German and English, including
“Rise and Progress of Homoeopathy”
(Philadelphia, 1834), which was translated into several
languages; “Condensed Materia Medica”; “Effects
of Snake Poison” (1837); “Guiding Symptoms and
Analytical Therapeutics”; “Bering's Domestic
Physician” (6th ed., 1858); and “American Drug
Provings” (vol. i., Leipsic, 1853).
