faith and was appointed librarian of the museum of Rotterdam. He held that office till his death, and published " De la naturaleza y virtudes de los arboles, plantas y animales de la America, de que se aprovecha la medicina " (Rotterdam, 1761): "Rerum medicinalium Novi Orbis thesaurus" (3 vols.. 1763); "Lehrbuch der amerikanischen Geographic" (1764); and "Description geographique et statistique des missions des Jesuites du Para et de l'Uruguay" (1765).
INGERSOLL, Ernest, naturalist, b. in Monroe,
Mich., 13 March, 1852. His grandfather was one
of the earliest emigrants to the Western Reserve
of Ohio. He spent his youth in ranging the fields
and marshes in search of natural-history objects,
pursued an irregular course in Oberlin college,
chiefly devoting himself to science, and was made
curator of the college museum. He afterward
became a special student in the Harvard museum of
comparative zoölogy, devoting himself to the study
of birds. He spent the summer of 1873 with Louis
Agassiz in his seaside school on Penikese, and after
the death of Agassiz served as naturalist and
collector with the Hayden survey in the west, and
during 1874 contributed scientific articles and
sketches of travel to the New York “Tribune.” He
made a second trip to the west in 1877, corresponding
with the “New York Herald.” He became a
member of the U. S. fish commission, and a special
agent of the tenth census in 1880, for the investigation
of the American oyster industries, and in
1883 he was sent to California to prepare articles
for “Harper's Magazine.” Mr. Ingersoll is now
(1887) editor of the publications of the Canadian
Pacific railway, residing in Montreal. He has made
investigations in conchology and other branches of
natural history, and is the author of “A Natural
History of the Nests and Eggs of American Birds”
(seven parts, Salem, 1879); “Birds' Nesting” (1881);
a report on the “History and Present Condition
of the Oyster Industries of the United States”
(Washington, 1881); “Friends Worth Knowing:
Glimpses of American Natural History” (New
York, 1881); “Knocking 'Round the Rockies”
(1882); “The Crest of the Continent” (1883); “Old
Ocean” (Boston, 1883); “Country Cousins” (New
York, 1884); “The Ice Queen” (1885); “To the
Shenandoah and Beyond” (1885); “The Strange
Ventures of a Stowaway” (Philadelphia, 1886);
“Down East Latch-Strings” (Boston, 1887);
several pamphlets; and a series of books on natural
history for the young.
INGERSOLL, Jared, stamp-agent, b. in
Milford, Conn., in 1722; d. in New Haven, Conn., in
August, 1781. He was graduated at Yale in 1742,
and in 1765 arrived in Boston from England
charged with the commission of stamp-agent for
Connecticut, which Benjamin Franklin had
advised him to accept. After the demonstrations
against the obnoxious act in various parts of the
colonies, Ingersoll, assured of the governor's protection,
tried to reason the people of New Haven
into forbearance. Surrounding his house, they
demanded him to resign. “I know not if I have the
power to resign,” he replied. He promised,
however, that he would re-ship any stamps that he
received or leave the matter to their decision. He
was finally compelled to offer his resignation,
which was not satisfactory to the people of other
sections, and, in order to save his house from an
attack, he rode from New Haven, resolving to place
himself under the protection of the legislature in
Hartford. Several miles below Wethersfield he
met a body of 500 men on horseback, preceded by
three trumpeters and two militia officers. They
received him and rode with him to Wethersfield,
where they compelled him to resign his office.
Entering a house for safety, he sent word of his situation
to the governor and the assembly. After waiting
for three hours the people entered the house.
Ingersoll said: “The cause is not worth dying for,”
and made a written declaration that his resignation
was his own free act, without any equivocation.
“Swear to it,” said the crowd; but this he refused.
They then commanded him to shout “Liberty and
property” three times, and, throwing his hat into
the air, he obeyed. He was then escorted by a large
crowd to Hartford, where he read to the assembly
the paper that he had just signed. About 1770 he
was made admiralty judge of the middle district,
and resided for several years in Philadelphia, after
which he returned to New Haven. He was the
author of a pamphlet on the “Stamp-Act,” which
is now very rare (New Haven, 1766).—His son,
Jared, jurist, b. in Connecticut in 1749; d. in
Philadelphia, Pa., 31 Oct., 1822, was graduated at
Yale in 1766. He then went to London, studied
law at the Middle Temple for five years, and was
then more than eighteen months in Paris, where he
formed the acquaintance of Benjamin Franklin.
On his return he became a prominent lawyer of
Philadelphia, and, although the son of a loyalist,
espoused the cause of the colonies in the Revolution.
He was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the
Continental congress in 1780-'1, a representative
in the convention that framed the Federal constitution
in 1787, twice attorney-general of Pennsylvania,
U. S. district attorney for the eastern
district of Pennsylvania, and received and declined
the appointment of chief judge of the Federal
court. In 1812 he was the Federal candidate for
vice-president of the United States, but was
defeated. At the time of his death he was presiding
judge of the district court of Philadelphia county.—The
younger Jared's son, Charles Jared, statesman,
b. in Philadelphia, 3 Oct., 1782; d. there, 14
May, 1862, received a liberal education, studied
law, and was admitted to the bar in Philadelphia.
He then travelled in Europe, and was attached to
the U. S. embassy to France. He was afterward
elected to congress as a Democrat, serving from
1813 till 1815, when he became U. S. district attorney,
and held that office until he was removed by
Gen. Jackson in 1829. Soon afterward he served
in the legislature. He was a member of the Canal
and internal improvement convention at Harrisburg
in 1825, and also of the Reform convention
there in 1837, and in Philadelphia in 1838. In
1837 he was appointed secretary of legation to
Prussia. He served again in congress from 1841
till 1847, as chairman of the committee on foreign
affairs, and distinguished himself as a Democratic
leader. In 1847 he was nominated, by President
Polk, U. S. minister to France, but was rejected by
the senate. He was the author of “Chiomara,” a
poem published in the “Port-folio” (1800); “Edwy
and Elgira,” a tragedy (Philadelphia, 1801);
“Inchiquin the Jesuit's Letters on American
Literature and Politics” (New York, 1810);
“Julian,” a dramatic poem (1831); and a “Historical
Sketch of the Second War between the United
States and Great Britain” (4 vols., Philadelphia,
1845-'52). He also published numerous anonymous
contributions to the “Democratic Press” of
Philadelphia, and to the “National Intelligencer” of
Washington, on the controversies with England
before the war of 1812 (1811-'15); several
“Speeches” concerning that war (1813-'15); a
discourse before the American philosophical society
on the “Influence of America on the Mind,” which
