ferred to Warren, Mass. He began to produce woollen goods in 1853, but in 1859 disposed of his interests. He thenceforth devoted his attention chiefly to the development of his inventions. The manufacture of his patent safety steam-boiler feeder was then begun, and in 1858 he began to construct his patent steam-pump. Soon afterward he procured patents for steam pumping-engines, an automatic boiler-feeder, and a fancy loom for producing all kinds of narrow textile fabrics. In 1860 he disposed of one half of the steam-pump business, and since that time, with gradual increase of plant, the Knowles pump-works have become the most extensive of their kind in the United States, but ultimately were disposed of to the George F. Blake manufacturing company of Boston. In 1861 he began the manufacture of the tape-bind- ing loom under the different patents that had been secured by him in preceding years, and under his management this business grew very rapidly. Mr. Knowles was elected a member of the Massachusetts legislature in 1862 and 1865, of the senate in 1869, and received the degree of A. M. from Williams in 1865.
KNOWLTON, Helen Mary, artist, b. in Little-
ton, Mass., 16 Aug., 1832. She was a pupil of
William M. Hunt, and opened a studio in Boston
in 1867. She has exhibited charcoal sketches or
landscapes and portraits in oil, in Boston, Phila-
delphia, New York, and London, taught art stu-
dents in the town and country, and written much
on art. Some of her most effective work is in
charcoal. She has published the " Talks on Art "
of William M. Hunt, which she prepared from
notes that she had taken while under his instruc-
tion (Boston, 1879), and " Hints to Pupils in Draw-
ing and Painting," relating chiefly to charcoal-
drawing, with illustrations from drawings by Will-
iam M. Hunt (1879).
KNOWLTON, Miles Justin, missionary, b. in
West Wardsborough, Yt.. 8 Feb., 1825 ; d. in Ning-
po, China, 10 Sept., 1874. He was educated at
Madison university, HamUton. N. Y., and studied
theology at the Hamilton seminary, where he was
graduated in 1853. After receiving ordination as a
Baptist minister in his native town on 8 Oct., 1853,
he sailed as a missionary with his wife for Xingpo,
arriving there in June, 1854. In 1860 he published
in Chinese a manual for native preachers, called
"Scripture Catechism." He taught a theological
class, besides conducting the mission church at
Dinghai and two out-stations on the island of
Chusan. Several other churches were founded and
visited regularly by him during his stay in China.
In 1862 he returned to the United States for the
restoration of his health, but at the end of eighteen
months resumed his missionary labors. In 1869 he
made a journey to Pekin and Manchuria, and in
1870 one up the Yangtse Kiang, both of which he
described in the " Baptist Missionary Magazine."
He received the degree of D. D. from Madison uni-
versity in 1871. In 1871, while on a visit to the
United States, he wrote a prize essay on '* China as
a Mission Field," and delivered before the faculties
and students of theological seminaries a series of
lectures that were published under the title of " The
Foreign Missionarv, his Field, and his Work "
(Philadelphia, 1872).
KNOWLTON, Miner, soldier, b. in Connecticut
in 1804 ; d. in Burlington. X. J., 25 Dec, 1870. He
was graduated at the U. S. military academy in
1829, and commissioned a lieutenant in the 1st ar-
tillery, to which regiment he was attached till he
was retired, rising to the grade of captain in 1846.
In 1830-'7 he served as assistant professor of
mathematics at the military academy, in 1833-'7
as assistant teacher of French, and in 1837-44 as
instructor of artillery and cavalry. As a member
of the artillery board he aided in the compilation
of the '* Instructions for Field Artillery " that were
adopted, 6 March, 1845, for the service of the
United States. With a view of studying foreign
military science, he went to Algeria in 1845, and
served on the staff of Marshal Bugeaud. He was
at Corpus Christi during the military occupation
of Texas, and in the war with Mexico in mustering
volunteers into service on the Rio Grande, and in
the recruiting service and on engineer duty. He
was on leave of absence from September, 1849, till
1861, when he was retired from active service for
disability resulting from disease and exposure in
the line of duty. Capt. Knowlton was the author
of " Notes on Gunpowder, Cannon, and Projectiles"
(1840) ; and the compiler of " Instructions and
Regulations for the Militia and Volunteers of the
United States " (1861).
KNOWLTON, Paul Howard, Canadian states-
man, b. in Newfane, Windham co., Vt., 12 Sept.,
1787; d. in Knowlton, Brome co., Canada East,
28 Aug., 1863. He was appointed a member of
the special council by Sir John Colborne, and in
1841, on the union of the provinces, was called by
royal mandamus to the legislative council. He
was for upward of thirty-five years engaged in
political life. He had been mayor of Knowlton,
which town was named after him.
KNOWLTON, Thomas, soldier, b. in West Box-
ford, Mass., 30 Nov., 1740 ; killed at the battle of
Harlem Plains, N. Y., 16 Sept., 1776. He served
during six campaigns in the French war, and took
part in the capture of Havana in 1762. Returning
after the war to Ashford, Conn., where his father
had settled in early life, he followed farming until
the beginning of the Revolutionary war. lie was
unanimously elected captain of a company of mi-
litia that was raised in Ashford after the battle of
Lexington, and with 200 Connecticut men that
were spared from Gen. Artemas Ward's command
he was ordered to Charlestown with Col. William
Prescott. His force, consisting of farmers, without
uniforms, and armed for the most part with shot-
guns, was sent by Col. Prescott to oppose the ad-
vancing British grenadiers, and took its post on
the side of Breed's hill, where the British were
landing, behind a rail fence, which was converted
into a very effective breastwork by throwing up a
parallel fence and filling the space between with
new-mown grass. There they held their ground
gallantly until the retreat. Knowlton was soon
afterward promoted major, and on 8 Jan., 1776,
made a daring and successful incursion into
Charlestown. He commanded a regiment of light
infantry that formed the advance-guard of the
army at New York in 1776. and was afterward
commissioned lieutenant-colonel of a regiment of
rangers selected from the Connecticut troops.
While reconnoitring the enemy's position near
Bloomingdale on the morning of the battle of Har-
lem Heights, he was attacked by Highlanders and
Hessians. Gen. Washington sent Maj. Leitch to
his aid, with orders to fall on the enemy's rear,
while a feint in front engaged their attention.
Knowlton's rangers and the Yirginians attacked
the British on the flank instead of in the rear, and
both officers were killed in front of their men.
Knowlton's loss was lamented by Washington, who mentioned him in his general orders as a soldier who " would have been an honor to any country."
KNOX, Henry, soldier, b. in Boston, Mass., 25 Julv, 1750; d. in Thomaston, Me., 25 Oct., 1806.
