Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 5).djvu/519

Account of the New Netherlands in 1643-'4” (New York, 1862); “The Operations of the French Fleet under Count de Grasse” (1864); “The Lincoln Memorial” (1865); translations of Charlevoix's “History and General Description of New France” (6 vols., 1866-'72); Hennepin's “Description of Louisiana” (1880); Le Clercq's “Establishment of the Faith” (1881); and Penalosa's “Expedition” (1882); “Catholic Church in Colonial Days” (1886); “Catholic Hierarchy of the United States” (1886); and “Life and Times of Archbishop Carroll” (1888). He also translated De Courcy's “Catholic Church in the United States” (1856); and edited the Cramoisy series of narratives and documents bearing on the early history of the French-American colonies (26 vols., 1857-'68); “Washington's Private Diary” (1861); Cadwallader Colden's “History of the Five Indian Nations,” edition of 1727 (1866); Alsop's “Maryland” (1869); a series of grammars and dictionaries of the Indian languages (15 vols., 1860-'74); and “Life of Pius IX.” (1875). He had also published “Bibliography of American Catholic Bibles and Testaments” (1859), corrected several of the very erroneous Catholic Bibles, and revised by the Vulgate Challoner's original Bible of 1750 (1871), and had issued several prayer-books, school histories, Bible dictionaries, and translations.

SHEAFE, James, senator, b. in Portsmouth, N. H.. 16 Nov., 1755; d. there, 5 Dec., 1829. He was graduated at Harvard in 1774, was for several years a member of the board of selectmen of the town of Portsmouth, a representative, and subse- quently a senator, in the New Hampshire legisla- ture, and a member of the State executive council. He was a representative in congress from New Hampshire from 1779 till 1801, and U. S. sena- tor from 7 Dec., 1801, till 1802, when he resigned. He was defeated as the Federalist candidate for governor in 1816 by William Plumer, a Democrat. Mr. Sheafe was a merchant and ship-owner.

SHEAFER, Peter Wenrick, mining engineer, b. in Halifax, Pa., 31 March, 1819. He completed liis education in the academy at Oxford, N. Y., in ls:J7, and was associated with Henry D. Rogers in the first geological survey of Pennsylvania in 1838. In this connection he was specially engaged in trac- ing the geological features of the range of moun- tains that extends from near Pottsville to beyond Shamokin and Tamaqua. In 1848 he settled in Pottsville and devoted his attention to mining en- gineering, and he has been specially active in the dfe]npnii-nt of the coal and iron interests of that district. The management of the coal-mines of the Philadelphia and Reading coal and iron com- pany, and of those that were bequeathed by Stephen Girard to Philadelphia, were for a long time con- fided to him. He has been consulted frequently in complicated questions of mining law, and has testi- fied in court as an expert in these subjects. In 1 s4!i he secured the passage of a bill for completing the first state survey, and in 1873 he was influen- tial in securing the appointment of J. P. Lesley (</. c.) to undertake the charge of the second survey of Pennsylvania. Mr. Sheafer is a member of vari- ous societies, including the American institute of mining engineers, to whose transactions he has con- tributed professional papers. He issued in 1875, under the auspices of the Pennsylvania historical society, a map of Pennsylvania as it was in 1775.

SHEAFFE, Sir Roger Hale, bart,, British sol- dier, b. in Boston, Mass., 15 July, 1763; d. in Edin- burgh, Scotland, 17 July, 1851. He was the third son of William Sheaffe, deputy collector of customs at Boston. After the death of the boy's father, Earl Percy, whose quarters were at his mother's house, took charge of his education, and procured him a commission in the 5th foot, 1 May, 1778. He became a lieutenant-colonel in 1798, served in Holland in 1799, and in the expedition to the Baltic in 1801. He was on duty in Canada from September, 1802, till October, 1811, on 25 April, 1808, received the brevet rank of col- onel, and on 4 .lune. 1811, be- came a major-gen- eral. He served again in Canada from 29 July, 1812, till November, 1813. and com- manded the Brit- ish troops after the fall of Gen. Sir Isaac Brock at Queenston, where

he defeated the

American troops, and for this service was made a baronet, 16 Jan., 1813. He defended York (now Toronto) when it was attacked in April, 1813. Sii Roger had been appointed administrator of the government of Canada West after the death of Brock, and continued as such, and in command of the troops, till June, 1813. He was promoted lieutenant-general, 19 July, 1821, was advanced to the full rank of general, 28 June, 1838, and became colonel of the 36th regiment, 21 Dec., 1829.

SHEARMAN, Thomas Gaskell (sher-man). lawyer, b. in Birmingham. England, 25 Nov., 1834. He 'came with his parents to New York when he was nine years old. was educated privately, studied law, was admitted to the bar in Kings county ii> 1859, and became successful in practice in New York city. Since 1879 Mr. Shearman has been an active worker in the cause of free-trade. He was joint authorof "Tillinghast and Shearman's Prac- tice. Pleadings, and Forms " (New York, 1861-'5), and "Shearman and Redfield on Negligence" (1869), prepared for the commissioners of the code the whole of the " Book of Forms" (Albany, 1861), and most of that part of the civil code that relates to obligations, etc. (Albany, 1865), and has written numerous pamphlets on free-trade, protection, indirect taxation, and cognate subjects.

SHECUT, John Linnaeus Edward Whitridge, author, b. in Beaufort, S. C., 4 Dec., 1770; d. in Charleston, S. C., in 1836. He was graduated in medicine at Philadelphia in 1791, and soon after- ward began practice in Charleston, where he spent the remainder of his life. He was actively con- cerned in founding the South Carolina homespun society, the first cotton-factory in the state, and in 1813 organized the Antiquarian society of Charleston, now the Literary and philosophical society of South Carolina. Dr. Shecut maintained that a predisposing cause of yellow fever was the derangement of the atmosphere consequent upon its being deprived of its due proportion of electricity, and he is said to have been the first physician in Charles- ton to apply electricity in the treatment of this disease. He was the author of " Flora Carolinien- sis, a Historical. Medical, and Economical Display of the Vegetable Kingdom " (2 vols., Charleston, 1806); "An Essay on the Yellow Fever of 1817" (1817); "An Inquiry into the Properties and Pow- ers of the Electric 'Fluid, and its Artificial Application to Medical Uses" (1818); "Shecnt's Medical