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back to port, and was blown off to AJgesiras, where his boat capsized in the surf on the beach, and one of his crew and two Frenchmen were drowned. In 1819-'21 he served in the sloop " Cyane " on the coast of Africa, and brought home four slavers as prize-master. He was executive officer of the " Hornet " in the West Indies in 1821-'4, for the suppression of piracy, and assisted in the capture of the Moscow." the most dreaded piratical vessel in those waters. He was commis- sioned commander. 3 March. 1831, and captain, 8 Sept., 1841, was commandant of the Xew York navy-yard in 1844-'6, and with the ship " Ohio " took part in the bombardment of Vera Cruz in 1847. II. was in charge of the Norfolk navy-yard in 1 -- l*-'52, and the Boston navy-yard in 1856-'60, and in 1853-'6 commanded the Mediterranean squad- 3 flag-officer. When the civil war began he was summoned to Washington to advise upon the preparations for war, especially in relation to the relief of Fort Sumter, which he strongly urged, but his advice was not followed until it had become too late to be feasible. He took command of the j North Atlantic blockading fleet, and planned the expedition to Hatteras inlet. Gen. Benjamin F. Butler accompanied him with nine hundred men. The squadron bombarded the forts, sailing in an ellipse, by which means the vessels concentrated their fire "on the forts and manoeuvred so skilfully that none were hit. Both forts surrendered .-itVr the bombardment, and the troops were landed to garrison them on 29 Aug., 1861. Not one of the National troops was injured. The Confederates lost twelve killed and thirty-five wounded, and seven hundred and fifteen prisoners, and large quantities of guns and stores were captured. This was the first naval victory of importance in the war. Stringham declined further active service on account of his age, and was retired, as commodore, 21 Dec., 1861. He continued to render valuable service as commandant of the Boston navy-yard in 1862 '5, and was promoted to rear-admiral on the retired list, 16 July, 1862. He was port-admiral at New York in 1870-'2, and was on waiting orders until his death.

STROBEL, William Daniel, clergyman, b. in Charleston, S. C., 7 May, 1808; d. in Rhinebeck, X. Y., 6 Dec., 1884. He received his classical edu- cation in his native place, and pursued his theo- logical course at Hartwick seminary, where he was graduated in 1829. In the same year he was licensed to preach by the ministerium of Xew York, and in 1830 he was ordained to the ministry by the synod of South Carolina. He served as mis- sionary among the destitute Lutherans in South Carolina in 1829-'30, was pastor in Columbia, S. C., in 1830-'!, and in Xew York city in 1831-'41. prin- cipal of Hartwick seminary, X. Y., in 1841-'4. and held other pastorates in Xew York state and Mary- land till 1881, when he retired from the active duties of his office on account of advancing age and failing health, and lived in retirement at Rhine- beck, X. Y., until his death. He was president of the general synod in 1879-'80. and held other of- fices. He received the degree of D. D., in 1846, from Hamilton college, and was the author of numerous articles in periodicals of the chuoch. which weiv afterward published separately. Among them are " Jubilee Tract " (Baltimore, 1867); "Infln the Death and Resurrection of the Saviour upon the World " ; and an introduction to Dr. George B. Miller's posthumous sermons (Xew York. 1*01 1 >.

STRONG, Augustus Hopkins, educator, b. in Rochester, X. Y., 3 Aug., 1836. His great-grand- father, Philip, was first cousin to Jedediah, noticed below. His father, Alvah Strong, published for thirty years the Rochester daily " Democrat." The son was graduated at Yale in 1857, and at Rochester theological seminary in 1859. He then spent some time abroad, studying in the German universities and travelling in Europe and the East. In 1861 he became pastor of the 1st Baptist church of Haverhill, Mass., and was ordained to the min- istry. In 1865 he accepted a call to the pastorate of the 1st Baptist church in Cleveland, Ohio, and remained there until 1872. when he was elected president and professor of biblical theology in Rochester theological seminary. This place he still holds. Brown gave him the degree of D. D. in 1870. He preaches often, and gives much time to the general affairs of the denomination with which he is identified. He is a trustee of Vassar college. Dr. Strong has written much for reviews and newspapers on a variety of subjects, literary as well as theological. He is the author of " Sys- tematic Theology " (Rochester, 1886), which has received high co'mmendation for its ability and learning, and also of " Philosophy and Religion " (Xew York. 1888).

STRONG. Caleb, senator, b. in Xorthampton, Mass.. 9 Jan., 1745 ; d. there, 7 Nov., 1819. He was fourth in descent from John, founder of the family, who came to this country from Taunton, England, in 1630, and finally settled in Northampton, Mass. After graduation at Harvard in 1764, he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1772. During the Revolution he was a member of the general court and the Xorthampton committee of safety, and from 1776 till 1800 he was county attorney. He was sent to the State constitutional convent i< >n in 1779, where he aided in drawing up the constitu- tion, and to the state council in 1780, and from the latter year till 1789 he was in the state senate. In 1781 he declined a seat on the supreme bench. In 1787 he was chosen to the convention that framed the constitution of the United States! and, although illness in his family compelled him to return be- fore it was completed, he exerted himself in the state convention to procure its ratifica- tion. In 1789 he was elected one of the first U. S. senators from Massachusetts, and he served till his resigna- tion in 1796. He was governor of his state from 1800 till 1807, and again from 1812 till 1816. As a Fed- eralist, he opposed the war of 1812, and when requi- sition was made upon him for troops, he de- nied the right of the president on constitu-

tional grounds. He

claimed that, as governor of the state, he should be the judge of the exigency in which the constitution allowed the president to call out the militia, and that, when this was done, the state troops should be commanded by their own officers. The state supreme court, being called upon for an opinion on these points, sustained the governor. But when the administration withdrew nearly all the N al troops from the coast of Massachusetts, leaving it defencelc-- .n-tive in adopting in for the safety of the Mate. See his "Life" by Alden Bradford (Boston, 1820) ; his " Speeches, and