SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE (Continued)
Suffrage: universal for age 18 and over
Elections: da Costa reelected May 1980 by Popular Assembly; Assembly elections held March-April 1980
Political parties and leaders: Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe (MLSTP), Secretary General Manuel Pinto da Costa
Communists: no Communist party, probably a few Communist sympathizers
Member of: AFDB, FAO, G-77, GATT (de facto), IBRD, ICCO, IDA, IMF, ITU, NAM, OAU, UN, UPU, WHO, WMO
ECONOMY
GNP: $40 million (1978); per capita income $490 (1978)
Agriculture: cash crops—cocoa, copra, coconut, coffee, palm oil, bananas
Fishing: catch, 1,500 metric tons (1979 est.)
Major industries: food processing on small scale, timber
Electric power: 3,000 kW capacity (1980); 10 million kWh produced (1980), 120 kWh per capita
Exports: $26.6 million (f.o.b., 1979); mainly cocoa (90%), copra (7%), coffee, palm oil
Imports: $15.5 million (f.o.b., 1979); food products, machinery and electrical equipment, fuels
Major trade partners: main partner, Netherlands; followed by Portugal, US, and West Germany
Aid: economic commitments—Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF (1970-79), $579 million; US (FY77-80), $0.6 million
Budget: (1979 est.) revenues $15.7 million, current expenditures $10.4 million, capital expenditures $9.1 million
Monetary conversion rate: 38.6 escudos=US$1 (1981)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Ports: 1 major (Sao Tome), 1 minor
Civil air: 1 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 3 total, 3 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications: minimal system; 900 telephones (1.0 per 100 popl.); 1 AM, 1 FM, and no TV stations; 1 Atlantic Ocean satellite ground station
SAUDI ARABIA
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LAND
Estimated at about 2,331,000 km² (boundaries undefined and disputed); 1% agricultural, 1% forested, 98% desert, waste, or urban
Land boundaries: 4,537 km
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 nm (plus 6 nm "necessary supervision zone")
Coastline: 2,510 km
PEOPLE
Population: 19,795,000 (July 1982), average annual growth rate 2.8%
Nationality: noun—Saudi(s); adjective—Saudi Arabian or Saudi
Ethnic divisions: 90% Arab, 10% Afro-Asian (est.)
Religion: 100% Muslim
Language: Arabic
Literacy: 15-25% (est.)
Labor force: about 33% (one-half foreign) of population; 44% commerce, services, and government; 28% agriculture, 21% construction, 4% industry, 3% oil and mining
GOVERNMENT
Official name: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Type: monarchy
Capital: Riyadh; foreign ministry and foreign diplomatic representatives located in Jiddah
Political subdivisions: 18 amirates
Legal system: largely based on Islamic law, several secular codes have been introduced; commercial disputes handled by special committees; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
National holiday: 23 September
Branches: King Khalid (Al Sa'ud, Khalid ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz) rules in consultation with royal family (especially Crown Prince Fahd), and Council of Ministers
