PADUA
387
PADUA
Universitt of Padua dates, according to some Jacopo da Piacenza, Lapoda Castiglionchio, and the
anonymous chronicles (Muratori, "Rer. Ital. Script.", canonist and theologian, Francesco Zabarella, after-
VIII, 371, 421, 4.59, 736), from 1222, when a part of wards cardinal; in medicine, Bruno da Longoburgo,
the Studium of Bologna, including professors and Pietro d'Albano, Dino del Garbo, Jacopo and Gio-
students, withdrew to Padua. The opinion that vanni Dondi (also excellent mechanicians), Marcilio,
Frederick II transferred the
Studium of Bologna to Padua
in 1241 is groundless. But
even before this emigration
there were professors of law
at Padua, as Gerardus Poma-
dellus (c. 1165), afterwards
Bishop of Padua; further-
more, his predecessor, Bishop
Carzo, was called sacrorum
canonum doctor. The con-
tract proposed by the com-
mune of Vercelli to the Hec-
tors of the students of Padua
in 1228 shows that besides
both laws and dialectics, med-
icine and grammar were taugh t
there. The students were
divided into four national-
ities: French, Italian, Ger-
man, and Provencal. This
contract stipulated that all
or part of the university (14
professors and sufficient stu-
dents to occupy 500 houses)
should be transferred to Ver-
celli for at least eight years.
The university, however, was
not suspended on that account,
as is evident from the Life of
St. Antonio. But the tyranny
of Ezzelino (1237-56) caused its decadence
Giovanni and Guglielmo
Santa Sofia, Jacopo da Forle,
and Biagio Pelacani. Phil-
osophy was often taught, as
I'lsewhere, by professors of
medicine, mostly averroists,
like Petrus Aponensis and
Mundinus. The most dis-
tinguished philosophers who
were not physicians were
Pier Paolo Vergerio (1349-
1414), afterwards Bishop of
Capo d'lstria, a learned hu-
manist and student of antiq-
uity; the Franciscan, An-
tonio Trombetta, a famous
Scotist. From the fifteenth
' I ' 1 1 1 1 1 r\- f 1 11 ■ri ■ were in theology
111 II I iiii'i:i|ili\-^ii;-s two courses,
iiiir 'riiiiiiiiviic, with profes-
sors pri'lcrabiy Dominican,
and the other Scotist, with
professors chiefly from the
Friars Minor. Famous in the
beginning of the sixteenth
century were the controver-
sies between the averroist
Iihilosopher, Achillini, and
the Alexandrist, Pietro Pom-
ponazzi (q. v.). The doc-
^■"•o* trines of the latter (who had
From gone to Bologna), especially on the soul were opposed,
1260 it revived under the commune which established among others, by Agostino Nifo, another professor of
the rights of the professors and students, and the philosophy at Padua. The humanist Girolamo Fra-
salaries (300 lire for legists and 200 for canonists) ; the castoro taught philosophy there.
examinations were held before the bishop, who also Among the professors of letters were: Rolandino,
granted the teachers' licences. In 1274 Padua had the historian of Padua (thirteenth century), and Giovanni
decrees of the Coun- , ^^^^^,^^^^ -— ^^^^^^^^ ' Ravenna, friend
cil of Lyons, equal ^^^^^^^||^?^W, ^^Hi^^HI °^ Petrarch; the hu-
with the Universities ' ^^^^Kb^PSks. ^V * r^^^^^Sfl m a n i s t s Gosparino
of Paris and Bologna. ^^^V ^ft^^i^k^^^ \^^^:M^J^SStKM Barzizi, Francisco
Nicholas IV threat- M^jgfF ^^H ^B H fc^'^^tf^B^B ^^B ^^BJ Quirino; the' Greeks ened to deprive Padua HB^^^^^^'^^M H H ^H ^H ^H ^^Bj^Bl Demetrio Chalcocon- of its Studium, but ^PHIB^^^^^^ I ^H BL^Rf^^^K^^^H (lyl^s, Alessandro the commune re- ^^^^^^BB^gjg^;:-?' W ,**^^^ffl|a MH8BB'"'"^S^ ^3M Zenos, Nicolas Leo- lented, and the Stu- ^^^fe|^^^^PlH^^^Lli-^^^^S^B^|^|^H nicos, Marino Be- dium acquired great ^^^^T^^^^^i^^^^^HflHiBI^^^^^^^^^B <^"< Pomolo Am- renown, rivalling Bo- ^^^^H ^^m j^f^^^^-^V^^Hf^HrBB^^^^I a.sai'iis, Nicolo
in ^^^^H^ ^^B ^M H ■ ^H'^B^^B ^^B^^^^l ('>>l<'"'li>us; Giovanni From ^^^^H^^^l ^1 B I ^B ^B ^B^^^H^^^B
the ^^^^^B^^L IB' B 1 1 ^H ^H ^B^^^l^^^^l ^^
century ^^^^^^^^K ^fr B P-r^^V-SK^^^^^^^^^^^I ^"'■^" the
the school of medicine H^^^^B?^^^^^ ' ~ ^^^^^^BB^^^B !i<-'at French Latinist was famous. The ^^HSH^&^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H Marc. Ant. Muretus,
fac- ^^H^^^H^^^^^^^^M^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^B Justus ulty introduced Aver- ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^Bf^^^BI the great Latin lexi- roism in philosophy. Connr of the Universitt, Padca cographers of the
The theological faculty was instituted by Urban V in eighteenth century, Jacopus Faciolatus, and Egidio 1363. In the same year the Collegium Tornaeen.se Forcellini. Astronomy, or astrology, was taught already wasfounded, the finst of its kind in Padua. There were in the fourtnent li cent ury. The nio.st noted professors other institutes from 1390, as the college of St. Marco were, in the fiftei'nih century, (Icorg I'earbach, and his for six medical students, the college of Cardinal Pileo disciple .lohann Miillir, calliil Hcgiomontanus; in the (1420) for twenty (afterwards twelve) students. sixteenth century, (Mi.'aiiiii r.aKisf.'i Capuano and
The professors of this first period included the juris- Gahleo Galilei, who al.^n i mulii Tiicclianics and other consults, Alberto Galeotto, Guido Suzzara, Jacopo physical sciences. Chul aniun^; llie theologians was d'Arena, Riccardo Malombra, Albrado Ponte, Ro- the French Dominican Hyacintlie Serry (1698), who lando Piazzola, Jacopo Belvi.sio, Bartol Saliceti, and introduced there the new method of basing theology the celebrated Baldo; the canonists, Ruffino and more on Scriptural and patristic arguments than on
