BENSDIOTINli
101
caba, in Brazil; £ndj6, in Bulgaria; Schellenberg,
Tutzing, and Weasobrunn, in Bavaria.
Other Benedictine monasteries of nuns under epis- copal jurisdiction may be grouped geographically as follows:
Ammca.~Allegheny, Erie, St. Mary's, Pittsburgh (Penn.); St. Antonio, St. Benedict, Covington (La.); Atchison (Kan.); Bristow (Va.); Chicago (2 convents), Nauvoo (111.) ; Cottonwood (Idaho) ; Covington (Ky.); Crookston, Duluth, St. Josenh (Minn.); Cullman (Ala.); Elizabeth, Newark (N. J.); Ferdinand (Ind.); Guthrie, Sacred Heart (Okla.); Mount Angel (Ore.); JElidgely (Md.); Shoal Creek (Ark.); Sioux City (Iowa); Yankton (S. D.).
British hies, Malta, and Australia, — ^Bicester, East Bergholt, Oulton, Princethorpe (England); East- Cowes, Ryde, Ventnor (Isle of Wight) ; Ypres (Ire- land); Notabile, Victoriosa (Malta); Rydalmere (Australia).
Austria. — Gurk, Salzburg.
Belgium, — ^Blandain, Grammont, Liege, Louvain, Menin, Ostende, Poperinghe.
France, — ^Argentan, Chautelle, Chemille, Dourgne, Flavigny sur Moselle, Lisieux, Mantes, Paris, Plaines, Poitiers, Urt, Valognes, Vemeuil, Wisque.
Germany, — Chiemsee, Eichstatt, Fulda, Tetten- weis.
Switzerland. — Claro, Maria-Rickenbach, Melch- thal, Miinster.
Spain. — Alba de Torm^, Barcelona, Burpos, Cala- tayud, Compostella, Corella, Cuenca, Cuntis, Estella, Gerona, Jaca, La Guardia, Leon, Lumbier, Madrid, MaliMDEk, Metar6, Moral, Oviedo, Palacios de Bena- ver, S. Payo, Sahagun, Sarrea, Toledo, Tortoles, Vallfermoso, Vega de la Serrana.
^o/Zand.--Oofiterhout.
Italy. — ^Arbe, Alcamo, Aquila, Arezzo, Arpino, Ascoli-Piceno (2 convents), Assisi (2 convents), Aversa, Bari, Bastia, Bergamo, Bevagna, Boville Emica, Brindisi, Buggiano alto, Camerino, Castel- fidardo, Castelfiorentino, Castelritaldi, Castel S. Angelo, Cesena, Cherso, Cingoli, Citt^ di Cafitello, Cometo Tarquinia, Fabriano (2 convents), Fano, Fermo, Ferrara, Fiume, Fossano, Fossato di Vico, Lapo, Leenna, Lucca (2 convents), Massafra, Maz- zara del Vallo (2 convents), Modica, Montecatini, Montefiascone, Monterchi, Monte S. Giuliano, Monte S. Giusto, Monte S. Martino, Monte S. Savino. Montone, Montughi, Naples, Norcia, Noto, Ort«, (Jstuni, Pago, Palermo (7 convents), Perugia, Piacenza, Pistoja, Potenza, Picena, Prato, Reggio, Rieti, Rosano, Saebcn, San Benedetto dei Marsi, San Ginesio, Sant' Irata, San Martino, San Serverino, San Severo, S. Vittoria in Mattenano, Sant' Elpidio al mare, Saasoferrato, Sebenico, Senigallia, Sorrento, Spoleto, Subiaco, Tagliacozzo, Terranuova Brac- ciolini, Todi, Trau, Treja, Trevi, Trieste, Urbania, Veelia, Veroli, Zara.
Potend.— Lemberg, Przmysl, Staniatki, Vilna.
The following table cives the total number of monasteries of nuns and the number of religious:
^l
I
'3
2
Britiah Isles and Malta..
Australia
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Switserland
Spain
Holland
Italy ,
Poland
Total
10
256
104
42
39
1
13
8
• • •
2
2
M
40
2
8
8
161
83
8
31
14
636
160
19
125
4
124
89
2
38
4
160
14
• « a
25
28
404
122
1
48
1
48
13
3
2
104
050
620
59
209
4
. 52
37
• • •
26
288
8,220
2,079
259
1,121
441
28
104
278
940
253
208
645
66
1338
116
11.670
Under Abbatial jurisdiction
Perpetual Adoration of the
Bieased Sacrament
Boiedietine Nuns of Our
Lady of Calvary
Benedictine Nuns of the
Sacred Heart of Mary..
Forrijpi Missions
America
£S5
1^1
I
13
367
161
6
77
44
1,153
484
111
159
8
119
65
• • •
6
5
10
28
102
306
3.216
75
4
11
• a •
• a •
34
72 240
611
1,907
190
222
378
3,460
The Anglican Benedictine nuns of St. Bride, Mil-
ford-Haven, were received into the Catholic Church
in 1913 and made their solemn profession in 1914.
They removed to Talacre Abbey in 1920.
Benefice (cf. C. E., II-473c).— In the Code an ecclesiastical benefice is defined as a juridical entity erected or con^ituted in perpetuity by competent ecclesiastical authority and consisting of a eacred office and the right to receive the revenues arising from an endowment annexed to that office. This endowment consists of property belonging to the juridical entitv itself, or of definite and obligatory payments to be made by a family or morsd per- sonality, or of definite and voluntary offerings of the faithful which accrue to the rector ox the benefice, or of the so-called stole fees within the limits of diocesan taxation or lawful custom, or of choir distributions, excepting a third part of the same if the entire income of the benefice consists of choir distributions. Benefices are divided by the Code into: (a) consistorial, those usually con- ferred in the consistory, and non-consistorial ; the canons in the Code apply only to the latter, except where the contrary is apparent; (b) secular or re- ligious, according as they are bestowed exclusively on secular or religious clerics; (c) double (residen- tial) or single (non-residential), according to the benefice entails the obligation of residence or not;
(d) manual (temporary; removable) or perpetual (irremovable), according as they are conferred re- vocably or perpetually; (e) curata or nonrcurata, according as they entail the cure of souls or not. The law does not consider as benefices: (a) parish vicarships not erected permanently; (b) lay chap- laincies, that is those not erected by competent ecclesiastical authority; (c) coadjutorships with or without future succession; (d) personal pensions;
(e) temporary commenda, that is the concession of the revenues from a church or monastery made to a person with the proviso that on his death the revenues are to revert to the church or monastepr. Parishes are usually benefices and are always in- cluded under that term in the Code.
Benefices may be united or transferred, or divided, or dismembered, or converted, or suppressed. The union is (a) extinctive when a new or a single benefice is formed from two or more suppressed benefices, or if one or more are united to another in such a way that the former cease to be; (b) (BQue principalis, wlien the united benefices remain as they are, neither being subject to the other; (c) minus principalis, when both benefices continue but one is subject to the other. A benefice is (a) transferred when its seat is changed from one place to another; (b) divided, when two or more benefices are made out of one; (c) dismembered, when part of the territory or of the property of a benefice is taken away and assigned to another
