NEW OTTINEA 531 NEW RAMPSHZBE
the Kei Islands was at first attended by Father Kus- of schooling. If he has not comoleted the elementary
ters, S.J., and his companions (1888-1903). It was grades, the school age is extenaed to 16. All those
separated from the vicariate of Bata via, 22 December, between the ages of 16 and 21 who cannot speak or
1902. the Catholic population being then about 2000. write English must attend part time school. The
As the prefecture of Dutch New Guinea it was en- State Board of Education consists of the Governor,
trusted to the Dutch province of the Missionaries of exofficioy and five persons, appointed one annually by
the Sacred Heart (M. S. H. Tilburg). The first pre- the Governor and Council. Besides, there are a
feet apostolic was Rev. M. Meyens, 1903-15; the Commissioner, appointed by the Board, and four
second Rev. H. Nollen, 1915-21. In 1920 the pre- Deputy Commissioners. In 1920, there were 64,205
fecture was erected into a vicariate and Rt. Rev. enrolled pupils and 2648 teachers (220 men) in the
Johann Aerts became the first vicar with the titular public elementary schools; in the 86 public high
see of ApoUonia. He arrived in July, 1921. and schools there were 673 (170 men) teachers and 13,055
makes his residence at Langgoer-Tolal, Kei Islands, pupils. In cities of 2500 and over, 1114 children
The mission now (1922) contains 5 districts with 26 attend kindergartens. The Laconia School for the
priests and 20 brothers of the Congregation of the feebleminded has 282 pupils. A new normal school
tions with 60 sub-stations, 71 schools with 2891 pupils in 1920 was $3,960,075. The two normal schools
and 3 boarding schools (2 for boys, 1 for girls), with have 31 teachers ana 286 students, but the supply of
139 pupils. There is 1 industrial school with 12 teachers is still inadequate. The 23 private schools
pupils. Forty schools receive Government aid. Four in the State had in 1917-18 altogether 2672 students,
soaalities of the Blessed Virgin are established among Of the 659 students in the New Hampshire College of
the young people. Agriculture, 61 women were in the home-economio
course, one woman and 119 men were in the agricul-
New Guinea, German, Prefecture Apostolic of. tural course and 187 men in the engineering course.
See Kaiser wiLHELMSLAND. This college had 62 instructors (1919). In the same
year, Dsulmouth had 88 professors in the collegiate
New Hampshire (of. C. E. X-758a) — The area departments, and 1673 students, 29 professors and
of the State of New Hampshire is 9,341 square miles, 65 students in the professional deptirtments. St.
and the population in 1920 was 443,083, an increase Anslem's (collegiate and academic) had 25 professors
of 2.9 per cent since 1910. Of this 63.1 per cent was and 294 students, besides 278 in the high school. Bible
urban; 36.9 per cent was rural, llie average number raiding in the public schools is neither permitted nor
of inhabitants per square mile was 49.1. The whites excluded.
numbered 442,331, of whom 351,098 were native- The laws governing private and parochial schools
bom, and 91,233 were foreign bom. Of the native- are as follows: No monev raised by taxation shall ever
bom, 225,512 were of native parentage; 81,039, of be granted or applied for the use of the schools or
foreign parentage' 44«547 mix^. The negroes num- institutions of any relisious sect or denomination. In
beredony621. Of the population, ten years or over, the instmction of chudren in all schools including
there were 15,788 illiterates or 4.4 per cent. The private schools, in reading, writing, spelling, arith-
largest cities are: Manchester (78,384), Nashua noetic, grammar, geography, physiology, history, civil
(2$,379), Concord (22,167), Keene (11,210), Laconia government, music and drawing, the English language
(10.879), Portsmouth (13,659). shall be used exclusively, both for purposes of in-
Economic Conditions. — According to the census struction therein and for purposes of general adminis-
of manufactures for 1919, the value of manufactured tration. The exclusive use of En^ish for purposes of
products was $405,739,000; of materials^238,641,- instmction and administration is not intended to
000; capital invested, $328,438,000. There were prohibit the conduct of devotional exercises in private
89,999 persons engaged in manufacturing and 1497 schools in languages other than English. A foreign
e!>tabli8nments. The chief manufactures are boot, language may be taught in elementary schools, pro-
and shoeS; leather goods, paper, lumber, woolens vided the course of study or its equivalent is such as
and machmery. There is leSs interest in mining at outlined by the State Board of Education in the
E resent, the number of mines and quarries in the state common English branches. To SAiMy the compulsory
eing 33, as against 53 in 1910. The value of mineral education law, "Attendance at a private school ap-
products in 1918 was $1,568,195. Although the proved by the State Board shaU be regarded as
number of farms (20,523 in 1920), showed a decrease attendance at the public schools. The resolution of
of 24.1 per cent, the value of farm property in 1920 the State Board of Education has been as follows:
was $118,656,115, which is a gain over that of 1910 Resolved that the approval of the Board shall not be
($103,704,196). The farming area of the State is given to anv private school which does not comply
2,603,806 acres. The dair3r products have doubled in with the following requirements:
value since 1909, the value in 1919 being $10,224,888. (1). Provide instmction and other educational op-
The principal crops of the State are com ($844,793), portunities as nearly as may be reasonably possible to
oats ($485,367), hay ($13,616,378), vegetables those given in the public schools in the same city or
($5,228,489), fruits ($2,605,103). There are 1203 town. (2). Be maintained for 36 weeks in each year,
miles oi railway, of which the Boston & Maine con- at least five hours a day, and five days a week in a
trols 1020. The State debt in 1920 was $3,040,524, sanitary building. (3). Be equipped with reasonably
assessed value of real property $412,591,376; of suitable furniture, books, maps, and other necessary
personal property, $90,815,543. appliances. (4). Make reports required of public
Religion. — According to the United States Census schools of the same grade on forms provided by the
of Religious Denominations (1916), the largest Board. (5). Teach substantially the same subjects as
denominations were: Catholics 136,020; Congrega- those prescribed by the Board for the public schools
tionalists 20,084; Methodists 13,574; Baptists 15,027; of similar grade. (6). Use the Englidi bm^age«s the
Free Baptists 2308; Unitarians 3890; Universalists basic language of instmction and administration as
1611. For further religious and educational statis- prescribed by law. (7). Be carried on in such a
ticssee Manchester, Diocese of. manner as effectively to prepare the pupils for the
Education. — The law directs that every child exercise of the ri^ts and discharge the duties of
from 8 to 14 3rearB of age shall have at least 36 weeks American citisenship and from the teaching of the
