CONGO
2.37
CONGO
cncp, the present missionaries confer baptism only on
those who have been well instructed and well tested.
Tlii'ir chief reliance is placed in the education of the
yiiiiig. Hence in the stations they have founded
mIkioIs where religion is taught along with the trades.
1 or the Catholics it is the religious, men and women,
who have devoted themselves to this work; among
thf Protestants Mrs. Bentley deserves the highest
jiraise for the intelligent direction she has given to the
trade instruction. The fermes-chapelks, of which
nii'iition is often made, are rural schools where, under
th.' guidance of certain picked pupils, the young
Coi.ijolese are taught agriculture. The missionary
uho regularly visits these posts supplies the farm in-
^'1 iiments and the seeds; the chief who grants the use
Fathers possessed a school of catechists with 73 pupils,
a petit semirmire with 14 pupils, and a grand seminaire
with one pupil. The resources of the Catholic mis-
sions are mostly derived from private charity. Many
Protestant missions are very richly endowed.
I-VII. — For the History op Congo before the Estab- LISHMEXT OF THE State. — PiG^FETTA. Le C&ngo, La veridique
di-xrHr^'^m ,1" ri r- ,7,- 1 ' - r , 'i , from the Latin ed. of 1598 (Bru- • N, 1 ^^ ' I ; II ' rhp.Beschreibung der in dem
v?it' r> \! , / licgcnde drei Konigreichen
Con:;<'. .1/; :",■ 1 , ■ ^j nd dcr jelzigen Apostolischen
Mi-s.^wH' n, .N" It'll u'li'iL ly. tupucinen daseWst verzichtet warden (MuuiL-h, 1G94); Milne Edwards, Investi^acoes geogra- phical dos portugufzfji {Lisbon, 1879): Stanley, Through the Dark Continent (1879); Idem. The Congo: Its Past History, Present Development, arid FutureCommercial Prospects (London, 1884); Idem, England and the Congo and Manchester Trade, and
CVTHOLIC MISSIONS IN THE CONGO.
o
2
o
8
Missionary Bodies
s
S 1
5 S.
„•
m
^ s
= -§
Ill
1 -1
.2
1
1
« Jl
K02 ^^
n ^
S
o
i «
g S,
w o
g
n
pq
d
29 M. P.
37 Schools
( 10 Hospitals 1
\ 20 Dispensaries }■
1 15 Homes i
White Fathers
7
25
12
4823
18,797
r 28 M. P. 1
J 56 Catechu-
- raenates (Lower
Priests of Soheutveld
23
2 Hospitals
68
22
8753
21,006
L (3ongo)
Jesuits
6
400 F. Oh.
1 Hospital
22
12
3590
4063
Premonstratensians
3
23 M. P.
9
8
1000(?)
3000(?)
Trappists
Fathers of the Sacred Heart
4
11 M. P.
1 Hospital
9
3
3000
9000
8
37 F. Oh.
1 Hospital
17
2
3778
4396
Redemptorists
6
47 F. Ch.
2 Schools
1 Hospital
12
12
1500
3000
White Sisters
o
1 Home
9
Sisters of Charity
5 Schools
2 Homes
2 Hospitals
28
Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Marv
2
2 Schools
2 Homes
9
Included among
Franciscan Sisters
4
1 Hospital
32
figures given above
Missionary Sisters of tlie Precious Blood
2
2 Schools
2 Homes
1 Hospital
11
Sisters of Our Lady
2
2 Schools
2 Homes
16
of the plot of ground still retains his title to the prop-
erty ; while the pupils, who form a sort of community
round a little chapel, have the usufruct. A wise law
of the State places at the disposal of charitable and
philanthropical institutions the orphans and aban-
doned children, who are very numerous in the
Congo. Hitherto the Catholics (with the exception of
one Protestant mLssion) have been the only missioners
to claim them. The catechists render very valuable
services to the missionaries; they are always selected
from among the cleverest and best trained of the
young native Christians. The sleeping-sickness has
given rise to several hospitals, or lazarets, conducted
by the missionaries. Both Protestant and Catholic
missions have established printing presses; that of the
Catholics is at Kisantu. To facilitate transportation
the Protestants have four steamers, and the Catholics
two. In respect to the relations between the missions
and the civil power we may cite the convention con-
cluded May, 1906, between the Holy See and the
State. The latter agreed to grant certain lands to the
missions, in return for which it stipulated for the open-
ing and maintenance of schools and religious services
in the principal centres. Both agreed to maintain
harmony between their respective subjects, and to
regulate amicably all dififerences. In 1907 the \\Tiite
the Works and Aims of the International Association (Manches-
ter, 1884); Idem. Cinq nnnce^ au Congo, Fr. tr. GERARD(Brus8eIs,
1886); De S-,-— ^• ■ ^'■•■-v. Esboco historico do Congo e Loango
nos tempo : ■ ' 'f-ndo uma resenha das costumes e
vocabulano Cabinda (Lisbon, 1888); Werner,
A Visit to ■ - iiiard at Major BartletVs camp on
the Aruhwiiit. " on on .f.ountof River Life on the Congo (Lon- don, 1889); Li\i.M.aiONE, Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa, including a Sketch of Sixteen Years Residence in the Interior of Africa (London); Hore, Tanganyka: Eleven Years in Central Africa (London. 1892); Junker, Travels in Africa, tr. by Keene (London, 1890, 1892); Glave. Six I'ears of Adventure in Congoland, preface by Stanley (London, 1893); Stanley, In Darkest Africa (1890).
Since the Establishment of the Independent State. — fa) Impartial: — Wauters, Rrsume des principaux fails de Vhistoire de fmnTe africaine (Brussels, 1878-87); Alexis. Le Congo Beige Ulustri ou I'Etat Indipendant du Congo (Li^'ge, 1892); Lallemand, L'QCuvre Congolaise. Esquisse historique el geo- graphique (Brussels. 1897); Etudes elhnologiques et ethnographi- qites sur les populations du Congo, Questionnaire ethnographique, published by the Museum of the Independent State (Bru-ssels, 1898); Questiwinaire ethnographique et sociologique, published by the Museum of the Indep. State (Brussels, 1898); Mille, Au Congo Beige, avec des notes et des documents recents relatifs au Congo Franfais (Paris. 1899); Philips, An Account of the Congo Independent State (Philadelphia, 1899); Blanchard, Formation et constitution de I'Etat Independant du Congo (Paris, 1899); Wacters, L'Elal Indipendant du Congo (Brussels, 1899); Man^iel du voyageur el du resident au Congo, redige sous la direc- tion du Colonel bonny (Brussels, 1900); Speter. Comment nous gouvemerons le Congo (Brussels, 1902); Vermeersch, La Question Congolaise: Les destinies du Congo Beige (Brussels, 1906); LouwERs, Elements du droit de I'Etat Independant du
