MiJUOOO 719 MABSZUUS
(1710). The diocese ia inunediately subject to the which surrendered in 1703. Count d'Arco was be^
Iloly See; it has 78 parishes with 140,000 inhabitants, headed because he was found guilty of capitulating
6 religious houses of men and of women, 2 educa- before it was necessary, while Marsigli was stripped m
tional institutes for male students and 5 for girls. all honours and commissions, and his swora was
Cappbllbtti, Chiete d* Italia, XXI (Venice. 18W). broken over him. His appeals to the emperor were in
U. Benioni. vain. Public opinion, however, acquitted him later
Marsico Nuoyo and
8ICEN8IS ET POTENTINA) »uxxi^»it ui ««c.uu. ^ «mjx- ^ ^ , .^..ui.u. oux.^-
S!^n?Jir^^^.fiiU^^^^^^^^ tificpursm^. He dn.wpkns, made astronomical ob-
the seat of a county. It became an episcopal seat, Z^ i^i^^nJ ^^ ^i,,^^ ♦^ n^i^vo^o o^/j r%,^ao«f^
when Bishop GrinJdo.of Grumentxun^^^^ S^ enSrcte^rt^e &„S'^Jl£>f TlT^
residence there, reteimng however hw fonnert.tle. There he founded his "Institute of ScienoS and Arts",
There were bid^ops of G™ment'm « ^^r «f the ^j j^ j „ ^ ; j^jg gj^ professore
sixth century: it is said tlmt a Samt labenus or S»- ^ j ^j^ /^f ^^ different divisions of the in-
venus first preached the Gos^l there. C^^^^^ ^^^ L^t^ f established a printing-house fur-
ops were Enrico (1131V who finished the ca^^^ j^ ^ j j^ ^^ l,^^ ^ f ^a^ q^^ g^brew,
%?^.,M"**° °^, I?!*™* t.^"^!^?^J}V.f}i and Arabic. This wa^^t in chanje of the Domini^
rieiro y^o^^i, several ""'^JS^^Sr'o.ThoA.S <»n8' and placed under the patronage of St. Thomas
?*°,'2,flT"l,/ll"LY'l^„i^^. the c*thedraL ^ »i ^^37 he addetfto hirother collections
In 818 the diocese was united (Rj^jw^n^^^^ ^ j^j j^^^, ^^j^^ j^^ collected in England and
that of Potenza. This city is the capital of a fertile H„„^d_ A solemn procession of the institute he
province in the BasUicate, over 2400 feet above the ^ ^ ^ ^ f twenty-five years on
sea-the ancient city of the Li^am was farther d^^ ^ j ^ ^ Annunciation.^In 1715 he wis named
in thevallev of ^aMj^to Potent was destroyed ^ ^ ^^gg^^j^t^ „f ^he Paris Academy of Sciences; he
??^T^t^?rJ/^t^ rfin kJI^L^L^? A?in?. 0^9? ^ also a member of tlie Royal Society of London,
1250, to be destroyed agam by Charles of Anjou. Un 21 n^d of Montoellier
December 1857^t was greatly damaged^- an earth- ^^ ^ F , ^;^^^ j^ following: " Osserva-
quake. The town clait^ that it v«s e^^nge W ^^ j i jniJo^o*;! BosforoTracio" (Rome, 1681); "His-
baint Peter; Saint Aruntius and his companions suf- j physique de la mcr", translate by teclerc
fered martvrdom there under Maximian^ The first ^^^^^^ 1725); "Danubius Pannonic^mysicus,
known bishop was Amandus (about 5W). Other ^bservationibus", etc. (7 vols.. Hague, 1726) ; "L'Etat
bishops were baint Gerardo della PorM1099- 1 19)- i,j^j ^ ,, ottoman "(ASwt^rdam 1732).
to whoni the above-mentioned cathedral, built by foottnixlb. Bb^e* de,Acad..U (taria. 1825) ; QmNcr. W
Bishop Oberto and restored by Giovanni Andrea moim (Zurich, 1741).
Serra (1783-99), is dedicated— and AchilleCaracciolo ' Wiluam Fox.
(1616), who founded the sermnary. Blessed Bon^ MarsiUuB of Padna, physician and theologian, b.
""t^^i 5 ^?^,^fii^^u 1??^ wTtiflt «^^" at Padua about 1270; d ab6ut 1342. Contrar^ to the ventual P^eft- was from tto c ty It is to be noted ^^^^^^ ^{ ^^^^ ^(.thors, he was only a layiAan and that, in «^?«i'eval d<«umcnte, toe B^^^^^^ i ,^ ^,j^j„^ t^^' legitimate Archbishop of and the Bishop of the Mars are both ca led Mam- ^.^ thougEhe was a canon of his native city. He cantw, a source of someconfusion The united sees ^ ^ . ^^ ^ ^j^ emperor, and after- have 21 panshes, 96,500 "jhabitante, one religious ^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^.^^ „f ^^^ ^^ ^^ ^^^ ^j
^"^.L'^Z ^r^) ctel^^"(Venlce. 1857). n^dicine at the University of Padua. To complete
U. Benigni. bis medical studies he proceeded to Pans, and before
25 December, 1312, became rector of the university
Marsigli, Luigi Ferdinando, Count de, Italian there. A little later he went to Avignon and obtained
geographer and naturalist, b. at Bologna 10 July, from John XXII letters appointing him to one of the
1658; d. at Bologna 1 Nov., 1730. He was a member canonries of the Church of Padua (fi^. Vat., a. I, p. 2,
of an old patrician family and was educated in accord- n. 1714). It was at this time that Louis of Bavaria
ance with his rank. He supplemented his training by was about to reopen against the pope the strugdes of
studying mathematics, anatomy, and natural history Philippe le Bel against Boniface VlII. JohnXXII
with the best teachers, and by personal observations, had just denounced Louis as a supporter of heretics,
As a soldier he was sent by the Republic of Venice to excommunicated liim, and ordered him to cease within
Constantinople in 1679. There he investigated the three months administering the affairs of the Empire,
condition of the Turkish forces, while at the same time The emperor was looking for help, and Marsilius, who
he observed the surroundings of the Thracian Bos- had now begun the study of tneology, joined with
porus. Both of these matters were fully reported by Jean de Jandun, canon of Senlis, in offering him his
nim. In 1680, when the Turks threatened to invade assistance. Together they composed the Defensor
Hungaiy, he offered his services to the Emperor Leo- pacis at Paris, and, about 1326, setting out for Ger-
pold. On2 July, 1083 (the feast of the Visitation), he many, presented their work to the emperor. They
fell wounded and was taken prisoner. He suffered as became his intimate friends, and on several occasions
a slave until he was ransomed on 25 March, 1684 (the expounded their teaching to hinL What were the
feast of the Annunciation). His reflections on these doctrines of these two Parisian doctors, the very au-
two feast days show his great piety: on these days, he dacity of which at first startled Louis of Bavaria?
says, on which the august protectress of the faithful They recalled the wildest theories of the legists of
is particularly honoured, she obtained for him two Philippe le Bel, and Csssarian theologians like Guil-
graces : salutary punishment for his past faults and an laume Durand and the Doiiiinican John of Paris. The
end to his punishment. After the long war he was t^hings of these last mentioned had been proposed
employed to arrange the boundaries between the Vene- witn hesitation, restrictions, and moderation of lan-
tian Republic, Turkey, and the Empire. During the guage which met with no favour before the rigorous
war of the Spanish Succession he was second in com- logic of Marsilius of Padua. He completely aban-
ZD^nd under Count d'Arcout the fortress of Breisach, doned the olden theocratic conception of society.
