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BARREN ISLAND 428 BARRETT which the mainspring works. It is con- nected with a chain by the fusee, by the winding of which the chain is unrolled from the cylinder, with the effect of winding the mainspring. (2) The cham- ber of a spring balance. IV. Campanology: The sonorous por- tion of a bell. V. Anatomy: Barrel of the ear: A cavity behind the tympanum, covered with a fire membrane. The belly and loins of a horse or cow are technically spoken of as the barrel. VI. Nautical: (1) The main piece of a capstan. (2) The cylinder around which the tiller-ropes are wound. VII. Music : The cylinder studded with pins by which the keys of a musical in- strument are moved. BARREN ISLAND, a volcano in the Andaman Sea, about 12° 15' N. lat.; 93° 54 E. long. Its diameter is about 2 miles. There is an ancient crater over a mile in diameter, from the center of which a newer cone rises to a height of 1,015 feet. The volcano was active in 1789 and 1803, but is now semi-dormant. BARRES, MAURICE, a French nov- elist, born at Charmes-sur-Moselle in 1862. His first work was not especially notable, but he later developed remark- able powers of expression. These were devoted chiefly to attempts to induce the young men of the nation to remain in the provinces and build up national tradi- tions. He was in 1906 elected to the Academy. He was for many years a member of the Chamber of Deputies. His best known works are "Les deracines" (1897) ; "L'Appel au soldat" (1900) ; "Leurs figures" (1902) ; "Le vovage de Sparte" (1906) ; "En Italie" (1912). BARRETT, JOHN, an American di- plomatist, born in Grafton, Vt., Nov. 28, 1866; was graduated at Dartmouth Col- lege in 1889, and the same year went to the Pacific coast and was eneaged in journalism till 1894. During 1894-1898 he was United States Minister Resident and Consul-General at Bangkok, Siam, and, after the expiration of his term of office, represented several American newspapers in Manila, Philippine Islands. After the American victory in Manila Bay he made a special study of condi- tions in the Philippine Islands. In 1903- 1904 he was minister to Argentina, and in 1904-1905 held the same post in Pan- ama. He was chiefly instrumental in establishing the Pan-American Union in 1907, and was its director-general until 1920. when he resigned to enter commer- cial life. His serices in behalf of a better understanding between the coun- tries of North, (Central and South America were of the greatest value. Among his writings are: "Admiral George Dewey" (1909); and "Pan-Amer- ican Commerce; Past, Present and Future" (1919). BARRETT, LAWRENCE, an Ameri- can actor, born in Paterson, N. J., April 4, 1838. His first appearance on the stage was in 1853. In 1859 he supported Booth, Charlotte Cushman and other eminent actors. He served as a captain in the 28th Massachusetts Infantry in the early part of the Civil War. Later he acted at Philadelphia, Washington, and at Winter Garden, in New York, where he was engaged by Mr. Booth to play Othello to his lago. After this he became an associate manager of the Va- rieties Theater, in New Orleans, where for the first time he played the parts of Richelieu, Hamlet, and Shylock. In 1864 he secured "Rosedale" from Lester Wal- lack, and starred in it. Manager of the California theater, 1867-1870. In the last year he played with Booth at Booth's Theater. In 1871-1872 he was manager of the New Varieties Theater in New Orleans, and in December, 1872, acted Cassius to Booth's Brutus in New York. During 1873-1874 he made tours through the United States. In 1875 he appeared as Cassius in Booth's Theater, and later as King Lear. In 1882 he brought out "Francesca da Rimini," at the Chestnut Street Theater in Philadelphia. In 1887 he began his first joint engagement with Edwin Booth in Buffalo. Mr. Barrett's last production of a new play was "Guido Ferranti" by Oscar Wilde, in 1890, at the Broadway Theater, New York. His last appearance was on March 18, 1891, at the Broadway Theater as Adrian du Mauprat to the Richelieu of Mr. Booth. He died in New York City, March 21, 1891. BARRETT, WILSON, an English dramatist, born in Essex, Feb. 18, 1846; son of a farmer; entered the dramatic profession in 1863. In 1874 he became manager of the Amphitheater in Leeds, and later lessee of the Grand Theater in Leeds; in 1879 manager of the Court Theater, London; and in 1881, of Prin- cess' Theater, London. He visited the United States in 1886, and, returning to England in 1887, became manager of the Globe Theater; revisited the United States in 1888, and again in 1889; in 1896 became manager of the Lyric Thea- ter, London; and in 1899, of the Lyceum. His publications include "The Sign of the Cross," " Pharaoh," " Now-a-Days," "Daughters of Babylon," etc. He died July 22, 1904.