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BAYAZID 452 BAYLOR UNIVEBSITY BAYAZID. See Bajazet. BAY CITY, city and county-seat of Bay CO., Mich.; on the Saginaw river and several railroads; 13 miles N. of Saginaw. It is noted for its large ship- building plants and its extensive trade in lumber, coal, and manufactured products. The city is the farming, lumbering, and mining trade and wholesale center for northern Michigan; has National banks, a number of imposing public buildings, including the United States Government Building, City Hall, Masonic Temple, and the First Presbyterian Church. Bay City and West Bay City, which have many trade, manufacturing, and finan- cial interests in common, were consoli- dated in 1905. Pop. (1910) 45,166; (1920) 47,554. BAYERN. See BAVARIA. BAYEUX (bi-e'), an ancient city of Normandy, in the French department of Calvados, on the Aure, 15 miles N. W. of Caen. Many of the houses are built of wood, and the streets have a forlorn and decayed appearance. The Gothic cathe- dral — the oldest, it is said, in Normandy — was rebuilt after a fire by William the Conqueror, in 1077; but the present edi- fice dates mainly from 1106 to the 13th century. The W. front, with its two 12th century steeples, and the three sculp- tured porches, are notable features. Porcelain and lace are manufactured. BAY ISLANDS, a small group in the Bay of Honduras, 150 miles S. E. of Balize. The cluster was proclaimed a British colony in 1852, but in 1859 they were ceded to the Republic of Honduras. The chief of the six islands are Roatan (30 by 9 miles; 900 feet high), and Guanaja, whence, in 1502, Columbus first sighted the mainland of America. BAY LAKE, a body of water in the northern part of Luzon, Philippine Islands. This lake is connected with Manila Bay by the Pasig river, and from its center rises a high volcanic island. Bay Lake is about 20 miles in extent from N. to S., and about 47 miles from E. to W. BAYLE (bal), PIERRE, a French critic and writer, the son of a Calvinist preacher, born at Carlat (Languedoc) in 1647; studied at Toulouse. He went to Paris in 1674, and was appointed Pro- fessor of Philosophy at Sedan. Six years after he removed to Rotterdam, where he filled a similar chair. The appearance of a comet, in 1680, induced him to pub- lish, in 1682, his "Pensees Diverses sur la Comete," a work full of learning. It was followed by his "Critique Generale de I'Histoire du Calvinisme de Maim- bourg." In 1684 he undertook a periodi- cal work, "Nouvelles de la _ Republique des Lettres," containing notices of new books in theology, philosophy, history, and general literature. In 1693 Jurieu, a jealous theologian, succeeded in induc- ing the magistrates of Rotterdan to remove Bayle from his office. He now devoted all his attention to the compo- sition of his "Dictionnaire Historique et Critique," which he first published in 1696. It is a vast storehouse ot facts, discussions and opinions, and though it was publicly censured by the Rotterdam consistory for its frequent impurities, its pervading scepticism, and tacit atheism, it long remained a favorite book both with literary men and with men of the world. The best editions are that of 1740, in four volumes folio (Amsterdam and Ley den), and that in 16 volumes, published in 1820-1824, at Paris. He died in Rotterdam, in 1706. BAYLEN, or BAILEN, a town of Spain, province of Jaen, at the foot of the Sierra Morena, 22 miles N. of Jaen. It commands the road leading from Cas- tile into Andalusia, and derives its ce- lebrity from the events which took place in its vicinity leading to the "Capitula- tion of Baylen," signed July 20, 1808, when General Dupont, and about 20,000 French troops under his command, sur- rendered to the Spaniards on condition of their being conveyed to France by the Spanish Government; but the latter stipulation was not carried into effect. BAYLEY, JAMES ROOSEVELT, an American theologian, born in New York City, Aug. 23, 1814; studied at Trinity College, Hartford, and became minister of the Protestant Episcopal Church ; but, in 1842, was converted to the Roman Catholic faith; and, after studying at Paris and Rome, became a priest in 1844. He accepted the Chair of Belles-Lettres at St. John's College, Fordham, and was its acting president in 1846. After serv- ing as secretary to Archbishop Hughes, he was consecrated the first Bishop of Newark, N. J., in 1853. In 1872 he be- came Archbishop of Baltimore, Md. He was the founder of Seton Hall College and several other institutions. His "Pastorals for the People," and "History of the Catholic Church on the Island of New York," are his chief writings. He died in Newark, N. J., Oct. 3, 1877. BAYLOR UNIVERSITY, a coedu- cational institution in Waco, Tex., founded in 1845, under the auspices of the Baptist Church; reported at the end of 1919: Professors and instructors, 56; students, 1,124; volumes in the library*