under the Federal-control act, and which on or before March 15, 1920, filed with the commission a written statement that they accepted the provisions and conditions upon which such guaranties are made. A similar guaranty under the same conditions of acceptance is made to the American Railway Express Co. that the contract between it and the Director General of Railroads shall remain in effect during the guaranty period in so far as the said contract constitutes a guaranty to the express company against a deficit in operating income. It provides for advances to the express company and the carriers to meet operating expenses, and fixed charges, and that the commission after the expiration of the guaranty period shall ascertain and certify to the Secretary of the Treasury the amount due any carrier under the guaranty, and the amount of and the times at which such loans or advances shall be made to any carrier. The Transportation Act also provides for the inspection of carriers' records by the President or his agents until the affairs of Federal control are concluded, and for the refunding of carriers' indebtedness to the United States. It also authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to make new loans to carriers upon certain conditions and upon favorable certification by the commission and creates a revolving fund of $300,000,000 out of which said loans are to be made and out of which certain judgments, decrees, and awards are to be paid.
The Transportation Act also provides a plan for the settlement of controversies between carriers and their employees and subordinate officials through the medium of railroad boards of labor adjustment and a Railroad Labor Board. The latter consists of nine members, three of whom, representing the labor group, are to be chosen from not less than six nominees designated by the employees; three, representing the management, are to be chosen from not less than six nominees designated by the carriers. All nominations in both groups are made under rules and regulations prescribed by the commission. Three members, representing the public, are chosen directly by the President. All appointments are made by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.
INTERTRIGO (-trī′gō), a slight inflammation of the skin occurring in the hollows of folds of the integuments or joints, where two surfaces lie in contact with each other, also called chafing, fretting, galls.
INTERVAL, in music, the distance between any two sounds. Intervals when confined within the octave are simple when they exceed it they are compound. The interval of a whole tone, as from C to D, is called a second, of a whole tone and a semitone, as from C to E flat, a minor third, etc.
INTESTACY, the state of a person who has died without testing, i. e., without leaving a will. If no will, or deed equivalent to a will, is executed, or if a will executed is invalid from defect of form, then an intestacy occurs, and the law provides an heir or next of kin because of the failure of the owner himself to do so.
INTESTINES, the entrails; the portion of the digestive apparatus inferior in position to the stomach. The intestines consist of three coats, an outer one (the peritoneum), an inner or mucous membrane, and an intermediate muscular coat. There are two intestines, the large and the small one. The large intestine extends from the termination of the ileum to the anus. It is about 5 or 6 feet long, or about one-fifth that of the intestinal canal. Its diameter is from 2½ inches to 1½ inches. It is divided into the cæcum, with its vermiform appendix, the colon, and the rectum. The small intestine commences at the pylorus, winds into many convolutions, and terminates in the large intestine. In the adult it is about 20 feet in length. It is arbitrarily divided into three parts—viz., the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum. It constitutes four-fifths of the whole intestines, the larger making up the other fifth. They are used to aid in assimilating the food after digestion, and convey forward the excrementiticus matter.
INTOXICATION, the state produced by the excessive use of alcoholic liquids. In the first stage the circulation of the blood becomes somewhat more rapid, and all the functions of the body and mind are exercised with more freedom. In the next degree consciousness is still more weakened; the ideas lose their connection; vertigo, double vision, and other discomforts supervene; till finally the excitement partakes of the nature of delirium, and is followed by a more or less prolonged stupor, often by dangerous coma.
INTRANSIGENTES (-trän′sē-hen-tāz) (Spanish, “the irreconcilables”), the name given to the Extreme Left in the Spanish Cortes, and afterward to the Extreme Republican party in Spain, corresponding with the Communists in France. In the latter sense it was first
