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MORLAIX 308 MORMONS Spaniards who lived in the parts of Spain under Moorish rule; Mudejares, to the Moors who submitted to the Christians in the earlier periods of the reconquest. MORLAIX (mor-la'), a picturesque and flourishing port of France, in the Breton department of Finistere, on the Dossen. It has many quaint timbered houses, a huge railway viaduct 207 feet high, and manufactures of tobacco, paper, etc. Fop. about 15,000. MORLEY, a municipal borough of England in the West Riding of York- shire. It has important manufactories of woolen goods and mill machinery. In the neighborhood are coal mines and stone quarries. Pop. about 25,000. MORLEY, EDWARD WILLIAMS, American chemist, born in Newark, N. J., in 1838. Graduated from Williams College, 1860. Professor of Chemistry, Adelbert College, Western Reserve Uni- versity, 1869. Professor of Chemistry, Cleveland Medical College, 1873-1888. He was the inventor of a superior appa- ratus for the analysis of gas. Publica- tion :_ "Atomic Weight of Oxygen" (1893) . President of American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1895, and of the American Chemical Society, 1899. Honorary President of the International Conference of Applied Chemistry, 1912. MORLEY, HENRY, an English writer; born in London, England, Sept. 15, 1822. Educated at King's College; practiced medicine in Shropshire and teaching in Liverpool; and came to London as a journalist in 1851. From 1857 to 1865 he was an English lecturer at King's College; afterward Professor of English Language and Literature at University Hall. His works include "Fii'st Sketch of English Literature," "English Writ- ers," "English Literature in the Reign of Victoria," etc. He died May 14, 1894. MORLEY, VISCOUNT JOHN, an Eng- lish author; born in Blackburn, Lanca- shire, England, Dec. 24, 1838. He was graduated at Oxford in 1859; called to the bar in 1873 ; was for some time editor of the "Literary Gazette," "Fortnightly Review" (1867-1882), "Pall Mall Gazette" (1880-1883), and "MacMillan's Maga- zine" (1883-1885). He was editor also of the_ "English Men of Letters" series, to which he contributed the volume on Burke. He was author of a "Life of Cobden," an "Essay on Wordsworth," "Walpole" in the "English Statesman" series, "Studies in Literature" (1891), etc. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the representation of Blackburn in 1869 and Westminster in 1880, but suc- ceeded at Newcastle-on-Tyne in 1883. Radical in politics, he was one of Glad- stone's chief supporters in his Home Rule scheme, and filled the office of Chief Secretary for Ireland for a short time in 1886; reappointed 1892-1895. De- feated at Newcastle in 1895; was elected to Parliament, 1896, for Montrose Burghs, which he represented until raised to the peerage in 1908; Secretary for India, 1905-1910; resigned to be- come President of the Council, holding the office until August, 1914, when he retired, being out of sympathy with British war plans. Among his princi- pal later works are: "Studies in Lit- erature" (1891) ; "Oliver Cromwell" (1900) ; "Lives of Cobden and Glad- stone" (1903); "Recollections" (1917). Has received many honorary degrees from universities, and the Order of Merit, 1902; Chancellor Manchester University, 1902. Andrew Carnegie presented Lord Acton's valuable library to Viscount Morley, which the latter, in 1909, offered to Cambridge University. MORMON, the last of a pretended line of Hebrew prophets, and the pretended author of "The Book of Mormon," or Golden Bible, written on golden plates. MORMONS, or LATTER DAY SAINTS, a religious sect in North Amer- ica, founded by Joseph Smith, Jr., at Fayette, Seneca co., N. Y., in 1830. In 1823, claiming that he was led by the inspiration of an angel who had ap- peared to him, he claimed to have discov- ered golden plates on which the records of Mormon were alleged to be inscribed. These, though found in 1823, he was not allowed by the angel to take up till 1827. They were inscribed with characters which were said to be reformed Egyp- tian, but which he was unable to read. There was, however, in the box where they were found, so he declared, a marvelous instrument called Urim and Thumin, by which he was enabled to read the mysterious letters and translate them into English. In 1830 Smith published an English translation of the plates un- der the title "The Book of Mormon," together with certificates of 11 men who claimed to have seen the plates. This book tells in a language which imi- tates the Scriptures how, at the time of King Zedekiah of Jerusalem, a pious Israelite by the name of Lehi, together with his family, migrated from Palestine to America, and described on these plates the account of his marvellous adventures as well as the revelations which God vouchsafed to him. Many of his sons, like Laman, went out into the wilderness and became the ancestors and chiefs of