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56 THE CONDOR Vol. XIII numerous too, as I have counted more than twenty feeding with about a dozen chickens in a small yard. The Inca Dove could never have inspired the term "dove of peace", as they are pugnacious to-a fault and fight like little fiends. Two of them will face each other with one wing on guard, held straight above the body; then close in and mix it, buffering with wings till the sound of the blows is audible at a distance of fifty yards. The bill is also used with bloody results about the head. I have b?en told that one ?vill sometimes kill the other but never saw such an extreme case. When arranging for a fight the combatants utter a sort of growl, if it may be so described: a very?guttural, anger-expressing sound. In animated talk, gossip perhaps, they excitedly utter sounds something like "cut-cut-ca-doo-ca-doo". In all, quite a vo- cabulary is at their command. In motion they are quick'and lively, and have the same jerky flight as do th? Ground Doves. The nests of these doves are nearly always placed near a dwelling or a barn. I have never seen a nest more than a hundred yards from a building of some kind, and many of them are as close as they can find a tree in which to build. A row of umbrella trees close to a dwelling has for three years been a favorite place for nests, and also a row of cottonwood trees along the front yard. These two kinds of trees are most frequently used, probably on account of their nearness to houses. Mes- quite trees and fruit trees are also drawn on for homesteads. The nest is a little more elaborate than that of the two large doves and shows more of a depression or cup in the center. Rootlets, twigs, grass and leaf stems are materials used in the con- struction. The birds are generally quite tame on the nest, rarely flying off till the intruder comes closer than arm's length. 'I have placed my hand as close as ten inches to a brooding bird, but have never quite been able to pet one on the nest. They are so accustomed to human presence that the broken-wing .. subterfuge is rarely resorted to. The average distance from the ground, of a number of nests Was twelve feet and they ranged from seven to twenty feet. Ieighting and cooing begins about the first of February, but the earliest nesting date I have recorded was April 11, when fresh eggs were found. The latest date was September 25, when a nest containing eggs slightly incubated was found. At least two, and possibly three broods are raised during the year. The past season I noted four cases where two broods were raised in the same nest, and two cases where a last year's nest was re-lined and used. Two nests found were.built on top of old Cactus Wrens' dwellings. Though so tame and accustomed to human presence, when ' caught the doves are violent in their attempts to escape. I trapped two at different times to have a friend take their photograph. I placed them in a cage to await the coming of the camera man but they used the same jerky motions to escape that they do in flying, and went at it with the same vim that they do in fighting. They were fast injur- ing their heads and I released them after a few minutes.