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Broadcasting of works incorporated in a cinematograph film. 8. Where the owner of the copyright in any literary or artistic work authorizes a person or body corporate to include the work in a cinematograph film, such authorization shall, in the absence of express agreement to the contrary, be deemed to imply authority to communicate the film to the public and to broadcast it. This section shall not apply to musical works included in a cineatograph film.
Nature of copyright in sound recording. 9. Copyright in a sound recording shall be the exclusive right to control in the Republic the direct or indirect reproduction of the whole or a substantial part of the recording either in its original form or any adaptation or in any form recognizably derived from the original:
Provided that the provisions of paragraphs (a), (e), (j), (k) and (m) of the proviso to subsection (1) of section 7 shall apply to the copyright in a sound recording in like manner as they apply to copyright in a literary, musical or artistic work or in a cinematograph film.
Nature of copyright in broadcasts. 10. Copyright in a broadcast shall be the exclusive right to control the doing in the Republic of any of the following acts, namely, the recording and rebroadcasting of the whole or a substantial part of the broadcast and the communication to the public, in places where an admission fee is charged, of the whole or a substantial part of a television broadcast, either in its original form or any adaptation or in any form recognizably derived from the original:
Provided that—
- (a) the provisions of paragraphs (a), (e), (i) and (m) of the proviso to subsection (1) of section 7 shall apply to the copyright in a broadcast in like manner as they apply to copyright in a literary, musical or artistic work or a cinematograph film ;
- (b) the copyright in a television broadcast shall include the right to control the taking of still photographs from such broadcasts.
First owner of copyright to be the author. 11.—(1) Copyright subsisting by virtue of this Law shall vest initially in the author:
Provided that, notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (5) of section 12, where the doing of a work—
- (a) is commissioned by a person or body corporate who is not the author's employer under a contract of service or apprenticeship, or
- (b) not having been so commissioned, is made in the course of the author's employment as part of his duties under his contract of employment,
the copyright shall be deemed to be transferred to the person or body corporate who commissioned the work or to the author's employer, subject to any agreement between the parties excluding or limiting such transfer.
