Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/240

224 ARSA conensis, on the high road from Emcrita to Caesar- augnsta, 22 M.P. NE. of Complatam (Alcald). The distance identifies it with Guadalajara^ on the HenareSy where the bridge across the river is built on Roman foundations. As to the variation in the name, it is said that one MS. of the Itinerary has Jhc form Caraca. (Ukert, L 2. p. 429.) [P. S.] ARSA (Apaa: Eth. ^Apaaios: Azuaga), a city of the Turduli, in the district of Baeturia in His- pania Baetica, belonging to the conventus of Cor- duba. It lay in the Sierra Mortna (M. Marianus), and is mentioned in the war with Viiiathus. (Ap- pian. Higp. 70; Plin. iiL 1. s. 3; Ptol. ii. 4. § 14; Steph. B. ». V.) Its site is identified by ruins with inscriptions. (Florez, ix. p. 20.) [P. S.] ARSA or VARSA ("Aptro, Ofep(ro), a district of India intra Gangem, in the N. of the Panjab. It was that part of the country between the Indus and the upper course of the Hydaspes which lay nearer to the former river, and which contained the city of Taxila (r& Td^ika or Ta|faa), the capital, in Alexander's time, of the Indian king Taxiles. (Ptol. vii. 1 . § 45.) [P. S.] ARSA'CIA. [Rhaoae.] ARSADA, or ARSADUS, a town of Lycia, not mentioned, so far as appears, by any ancient writer. The modem site appears to be Arsa^ *' a small vil- lage overlooking the valley of the Xanthus." (Spratt's Lyciay vol. i. p. 293.) There are rock tombs, on two of which Lycian inscriptions were ob- served. " There are several Greek inscriptions; in two of them mention is made of the name of the place." One inscription is given in Spratt's Lycia (vol. ii. p. 291), firom which it appears that the ancient name was not Area, as it is assumed in the work referred to, but Arsadus, or Arsada (like Ary- canda), as the Ethnic name, which occurs twice in the inscription, shows (^KpcaJHttcv 6 ^/ms, and Ap<ra8«a, in the accusative singular.) The real name is not certain, because the name of a place cannot always be deduced with certainty from the Ethnic name. The inscription is on a sarcophagus, and re- cords that the Demus honour^ a certain person with a gold crown and a bronze statue for certain services to the community. The inscription shows that there was a temple of Apollo at this place. [G. L.] ARSAMOSATA. [Armosata.] ARSA'NIAS CAfxraviaj: Jfyr(i<i.cA«), an affluent of the Euphrates according to Pliny (v. 24, vi. 31 ; comp. Tac. Ann. xv. 15 ; Plut, LucuU. 31). Ritter {ErcUcunde, vol. x. pp. 85, 98, 101, 646, vol. xi. p. 110) considers it to be the S. arm of the Eu- phrates (St. Martin, Mem. sur VArmenie^ pp. 50, 51,171). [E.B.J.] ARSANUS, an affluent of the Euphrates ac- corrling to Pliny (v. 24), but mentioned in no other writer. [E. B. J.] ARSENATIIA (/ft». Ant. p. 14; 'Apaevapia KoXoovla^ Ptol. iv. 2. § 3; Arsennaria Latinorum, Plin. v. 2. 8. 1 ; Arsinna, Mela, i. 6. § 1 : ArzeWj Rn.), an important city of Numidia, or, according to the later division, of Mauretania Caesariensis, 3 M. P. from the sea, between Quiza and the mouth of the Cliinalaph (a few minutes W. of the meridian of Greenwich). That it was a place of considerable importance is proved by its ruins, among which are the dstcms for collecting rain-water, which extended beneath the whole town. There are also several Roman inscriptions. (Shaw, pp. 29, 30, or p. 14, 2nd ed.; Barth, IVanderungen^ 4v. p. 59.) [P. S.] ARSE'NE (^Piparivii: Kan), a large kke situated ARSUNA. in the S. of Armenia. Strabo (xi. p. 529) sajrs thaf it was also called Thonitis (Ck^yrrts), which Gros- kurd corrects to Thospitis {^WTririt^ oomp. Ptol. V. 13. § 7 ; PUn. ri. 27. s. 31). The lake Araissa, which Ptolemy (l. e.) distinguishes from Thospitis has been identified with Arsene, and the name is said to survive in the fortress Arfish, situated on the X. of the lake (St. Martin, JUhn. sur rArmenie^ vol. i. p. 56). On the other hand, Ritter (Erdhmde, vol. ix. p. 786) identifies Arsissa with the Mantiane cf Strabo, and Lake Van. It must be recollected that till lately this district has been a terra incognita^ and but little yet has been done for the illustration of ancient authors. Till further evidence therefore has been collected, it would be premature to come to any distmct conclusion on these points. Strabo {I e.) describes Arsene as abounding in natron, so much so as to remove stains from cloth : the water was undrinkable. The Tigris, he adds, flows through it with such rapidity that the waters do not commingle; hence it has been inferred that Anene is the same as the Arethnsa of Pliny (vi. 31, comp. Ritto-, Erd- kundej vol. x. p. 90; Ersch and Grubef's Encyclopae- dia^. Lake V6n is of an irregular shape, in extreme length from NE. to SW. about 70 miles, and in ex- treme breadth from N. to S. about 28 miles. The level is placed at 5467 feet above the sea. Tho water is brackish, but cattle will drink it, particu- larly near the rivers. (Kinneir, TravelSj p. 384 ; London Geog.Joum. vol. iiL p. 50, vol. x. pp. 391, 398,410.) [E.B.J.] A^RSE'SA CApinftra: Arjish)^ a town and district of Armenia, on the NE. of Lake Vhi; the district is probably the same as that of Arsia QAptria) men- tioned by Ptolemy (v. 13. § 13). In the lOlh cen- tury it was callnl "Aptrts or "Af fej (Const. Porph. de Adm. Imp. c 44. p. 144. ed. Meurs.), and was then in the possession of the Mussulman princes. In A. D. 993 it was recovered by the Empire ; but, A. D. 1071, was taken by the Seljuk Turks : soon after its capture by the Georgians, A. D. 1206, it fell into the hands of the Mongols. (St. Martin, Mem. tur rArmeniej vol. i. p. 136 ; London Geog. Journal^ vol. X. p. 402.) [E. "B. J.] A'RSIA, a small river of Istria, still called Arta, which became the boundary between Italy and II- lyricum, when Istria had been annexed by Augustus to the former country. (Plin. iii. 5. s. 6, 19. s. 23 ; Tab. Pent.) Florus represents it as having been at an earlier period the limit between the IIt}nnans and Istrians (ii. 4). It flowed into the Flanaricns Si- nus (^Goljfo di Quamero), on the E. coast of Istria, just beyond the town of Nesactium (^Castel Nvovo). The existence of a town of the name " Civitas Ar- sia," rests only on the authority of the geographer of Ravenna (iv. 31), and is probablya mistake. [E.H.B.] A'RSLA. SILVA, a wood on the confines of the Roman and Veientine territories, where a battle was fought between the Roman consuls Brutus and Va- lerius Poplicola and the exiled Tarquins, supported by the Vcientines and Tarquimans, in which Anins, the son of Tarquin, and Brutus, were both slain. (Liv. ii. 6; Val. Max. i. 8. § 5; Plut. Popl. 9, who writes the name Odpaop 6<ros.') The name is never again mentioned: it was probably nothin*; more than a sacred grove. Dionysius calls it Bpvfjioi itpbf ^potos 'Opdrou (v. 14); but the last name i-> probably corrupt, [E. H. B.] ARSIA'NA (Amm. Marc xxiii. 6), a town of Susiana. It may be, perhaps, tho same as tho Tareiano (Tap^tdya) of Ptol. (n. 3. § 5). [V.]