Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/631

CHORA. ' ocmfirm fhe ftct (attested hj many other argnments) that both tribes were of Pelasgic origiii, aod related by close affinity oS race. This pdnt is more fttlly discussed under Obnotria, [E. H. B.] CHORA, or CORA, a place in Gallia, mentioned by Ammianns Marcellinus (xvi. 2) as being on Jaliaa's route from Augustodunum (Autun) to An- tosiodnrom, that is, Autissiodnram (AtifMnv). This indicates the Roman road from AtUun to Ataerref for the road mentioned by Ammianns went " per Sedelauonm et Choram." Sedelaucum is the Sido- locnm (SauUeu) of the Itin. Chora is therefore between SaaUieu and Auxerre ; and the river Ctire, a branch of the .yofifie, runs in the general direction of the road from Auiun to Auxerre. The next station on the road to SavHeu is Aballo (^AvaUon). D'Anville finds a place called Cure on the river Cure^ between AvaUon and Auxerre^ which he supposes to be Chora. Others fix Chora at La ViUe Auxerre, near SU Mori, which is also between AtmUon and Auxerre (H. Vales, ad Amm. Marc ztL 2 ; D'Anville, NoHoey &C.; Walckenaer, Geog,, ^. voL L p. 411, voLiLpwSSl). [G. L.] CHORA'Smi (Xofpdfffuot, Her. iu. 93, 117; Strab. zi. p^ 513; Dionys. Per. z. 746; Axrian, iv. 15; Curt vii. 4, viiL 1 ; Steph. B. «. v. ; PtoL vi. 12. §4; Plin. vi 16), an eztensiTe tribe of Sogdiana, now represented by Khawarezmf in the desert conn- tey of Khioaj on the banks of the Cfihon, The name is not always written exactly the same: thus Strabo (zl p. 513) called the people Ghorasmusini, which is prc^Mibly an error; and in some editions of Ptdemy they are called Choramnii. They appear to have been of a Scythian stock, and are coupled by ancient authors witii the Daae, Massagetae, and SoghdL Stephanus, on the authority of Hecataeus, states that there was also a dty called Chorasmia, of which the Ghorasmii were the inhabitants. [V.] CHORAZIN (Xopo^), mentioned only in St Matthew (zi. 26), and the parallel passage in St Luke (z. 13) in our Lord's denunciation. This site had strangely baffled the inquiries of travellers (Lord Lindsay's Travels, vol. ii. p. 91 ; Robinson, B, iZ. Tul. ilL p. 295), until it was recovered and identified by the writer and a fnend in 1842. In the hills on the north of the Sea of Tiberias, about two miles north-west of Capernaum {TeU-ffum) is a mined site still called by the Bedouins who pasture it Gerazi : in a small plain to the east of the rains is a fountain called by the same name. It is utterly desolate ; a fragment of a shaft of a marble edlnmn alone standmg in the midst cf universal rain. [G. W.] CHORI (XofHi, Xopl, Const Porph. DeAdm. Imp, c 44), a district of Armenia, situated on the NW. bank of the lake of Van; if it be identified with the Cantoii of KhorUAorhounikk, which belonged to a nee of princes very celebrated in the history of Annenia. (St Martin, Mim, tur VArmenie, vol. L p. 100.) [E. B. J.] CHORSEUS (X^ffOf, Ptol v. 16. § 1), a rivor of Palestine, which formed the boundary between that country and Phoenicia, and fell into the sea between Dora and Caesarea StraUHiis, now the Co- rodacM (Von Raumer, Pakt^ck, p. 53 ; Pococke, Trov. vol. ii. p. 58), a name which does not occur in the maps, but is probably a mountain stream which flows only in winter. [£. B. J.] CHORZANE, CHORZIANE'KE (J^opQIuni, I'ro- oop. Aed, 33 ; Xop{iavi}i^, Procop. B, P. iL 24), a district of Annenia, which Forbiger (vol. ii. p. 601) CHRYSA. 613 identifies with the Acilisbne CAiciXio^Hi) of Strabo (zi. pp. 528, 530), which lay between the N. and S. arm of the Euphrates and on the boun- ' daries of Cappadocia, and which on account of the woR^hip of the goddess Anahid so prevalent in that district, is undoubtedly the same as the Anaitis, or Anaitica of Pliny (v. 24. § 20). The phun of Erzing6n now represents this district (Ritter, Erd- kunde, vol. z. pp.73, 81, 550, 576, 774, 796 ; Joum. Geoff. Soc. voL vi. p. 201.) [E. B. J.] CHORZE'NE (Xopftjof, Strab. zi. p. 528), a mountainous district, situated to the NW. of the Greater Armem'a, which had originally belonged to the Iberians. (St Martin, Append, to Le Beau, Baa Empire, vol.zv. p. 491.) The capital of tliis dis- trict was the town which appears after the 10th century under the name of K&rs (Kdpt, Const. Porph. de Adm. Imp. c. 44), and was well known as the residence of the Bagratid princes from a. d. 928 — 961. In A. D. 1064 the last of these princes gave up the district to Constantine Ducas in exchange for a principality in Armenia Minor (St Martin, M^m, eur VArmenie, vol. L p. 375). The province has ever since retained the name of K<iar$, The snow feU to such depth in this mountain tract, that Strabo (2. c.) speaks of whole caravans of tra^ vellers being buried in the drifts, and having to be dug out The same author (I, c.) describes a curious kind of snow-worm which was found here. Mr. Brant in ascending the Sapdn Tdffh was told by his Kurd guides that they had seen this animal; one of them went to a pool of melted snow to procure a specimen, but did not succeed in the attempt. (Joum. Geog. Soc. vol. X. p. 410; Ritter, Erdkunde, voL x. p. 423, foU.) [E. B. J.] CHRENDL [Chardjda.] CHRETES (Xperrts), a river on the W. coast of Africa, a little S. of Cernb (Hanno, p. 3), on the position of which its identification of course depends. According to Rennell's view, it must be the river SL John; but those who place Ceme in the bay of Agadir identify the Chretes with the Wadi Sue, the Subus of Ptolemy. [P. S.] CHRISTO'POLIS (Xpurr^oXii), a town of Ma- cedonia, situated on the Via Egnatia, mentioned by the writers of the Lower Empire (Georg. Acrop. c. 43 ; Niceph. Greg. ziiL 1 . § I , xiii. 5. § 1), which some have supposed to have occupied the site of Datum, but should more properly be identified with Aoou- tisma. [ AcoMTiSMA.] [E. B. J.] CHRONOS or CHRONIUS FL. [Sakmatia Edropaka.] CHRYSA (XpiSen}, Xpwra : EiK Xpvcrcvs). Stephanos («. v.) has a list of various places so called. He does not decide which is the Chrysa of Homer (Jl L 37, 390, 431). He mentions a Chr}'sa on the Hellespont, between Ophiynium and Abydus. Pliny (v. 30) mentions Chryse, a town of Aeolis, aa no l(»iger existing in his time. He also mentions a Chryse in the Troad, and apparently places it north of the promontory Lectnm, and on the coast. He sajrs that Chrysa did not exist, but the temple of Sminthens remained; that is, the tenple of Apollo Smintheus. The name Smitbeus, not^ Smintheus, appears on a coin Qf Alezahdria of TroaF (Harduln's ^ note on Plin. V. SO). The Table places " Smyn- thium" between AJezandria and Assus, and 4 miles south of Alezandria. Strabo (p. 604) places Chrysa on a hill, and lie mentions the temple of Sminthens, and speaks of a symbol, which recoi-ded the etymon of the name, the mouse which lay at . / . R R 3 < , /