Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/4

DACIA. Ducia was made a consular province (Oapitolin. Pertm, 2, 3) onder a ** legaius,** and divided into districts, as in 129 there appears " Dacia Inferior" under Hadrian, and in an inacriptioii, the age of which is not known, "Dacia Apnlensis (Ordli, Inter, n. 3888). Notwithstanding the resdution of Hadrian to contract the limits of the empire, and the steps he actually took for that purpose, the Ro- mans seem to have remained masters of Dada till the time of Aurelian (a. d. 270 — 275); when they finally retired across the Danube, and left Dacia to the Goths. The Soman colonists were placed on the S. of the river, in a district lying between Upper and Lower Moesia, which bore the name of Dacia Au- RBUAHi (Vopisc AureL 39 ; Buf. Brev, 8; En- trap, ix. 15), and which was afterwards divided into two parts:— Dacia Ripemsis, on the Danube, with the capital Ratiaria; and Dacia Mboitbr&anki, with Uie capital Seiidiga. (Marquardt, Handbuch der Rom, AlL p. 108.) An intercourse of com- meroe and language was gradually established be- tween the opposite banks of the river; and Dacia, though serving a Gothic master, proved the firmest harrier against the barbarians of the north. In spite of the strong lines which the Visigoths wero pre- paring to construct between the Pruth, Danube, and the mountains, they gave way before the destructive inroads of the Huns, about a. d. 376. (Amm. Marc 2xxi. 3; Jomand. de Red. Get. c. 24 ; Schafiuik, Slav. AIL vol. i. p. 324.) After the death of Attik in A.D. 453, the old country of Dacia, from the Carpathian mountains to the Euzine, became the seat of a new power which was erected by Ardaric, king of the Gepidae. When the kingdom of the Gepidae was destroyed by the Lombards and Avars in A. D. 566, these districts were occupied without resistance by a new colony of Scythians. The Dacian empire of the **Chagans" lasted for upwards of 230 years, till it fell before the might and prowess of the great Charlemagne. The Wallachians — or " Rnmunyi,** as they, odl themselves — are not to be confounded with the Vlakki (BXdxoi), which is a much older and wider-spread name, belonging to the Kelts. (Schafarik, Slav. ilft. yoL L p. 235.) Both of the Wallachian stocks on either side of the Danube were of the same descent, and consisted of a mixture of Slaves, Getae, and Romans, who fixim tl)e seventh to the tenth centuiy sheltered themselves in the mountains of Dacia, Macedonia, Thessaly, and Albania; and when the times became more peaceable, spread themselves over the nd^hbouring plains. (Scha&rik, Slav. Alt yoI. ii. p. 205; Fessler, (Te- sMek. der Ungem, voL i. p. 71.) The Magyars had made themselves masters of Dacia before the tenth century : its later history fidls without the province of this work. It is interesting to observe that BethMn Gabor, the Protestant hero of Transylvania in the Thurty Years' War, had in- tended to haye founded the ancient Dacian empun in favour of himself, but abandoned it in consequence, as it seems, of his being childless. The dress, features, and whole appearance of the modem WaUacks, correspond entirely with the Da- cians of Tngan's Column. They have the same arched nose, deeply-sunken eye, and long hair, the same sheepskin cap, the same shirt, bound round the waist and descending to the knee, and the same long loose tionsen which the Roman chain is so often seen encircling at the ankles. It is more difficult to decide the cUdms of the Wallack to Roman descent; but an admiztue of Roman and Dacian blood— the DAEDALA. 745 conquerora and the conquered — may reasonably be inferred. Though the duration of the Roman empire only lasted for about 170 years in this country, yet in none has it left more lasting impression of its do«  mination, especially in the language. That which is spoken by all the people of this nation is soft, abound- ing in Towels, and deriving most of its words from the Latm, mixed up with many forms of Sbvish ori{];in. It is uncertain what cohiage the Dadans used during their independence : they were probably tetra* drachms, of rude workmanship, copied after the money of Philip of Macedon, great numbers of which have been found in Transylvania. Coins of the im- peiial period, from the time of Philip to that of Gal- lienus, are extant : the type constantly found is a woman, generally standing, — the symbol of Dacia, — with the epigraph fbotutcia dacia. (Eckhel, vol. ii. p. 4.) (Sulzer, Geeek. Daeieiuf Ersch and Gruber, En^ cydopddie, s.«. Dacia; Wilkinson, WaUaekia and Moldavia f Paget, Hungary and Trantglvania ; Neigebauer, Dacien out den Ueberrttten du Klats. AUerthmu.) IE. B. J.] DACIBT'ZA (AoKtevCa), a pkce m Bithynia, on the road from Chalcedon to Nicomedia. The modem Gebte or Givysa, near the north coast of the bay of Astacus, seems to preserve the ancient name. It is mentioned by several of the historians of the Lower Empire. (Leake,ilj*aJftnor, p.9.) [G.L.] DADASTANA (Gen. ae; AaSdbraya, PtoL ▼. 1), an inland town of Bithynia, according to Ptolemy* The Table places it on a road from Nicaea to Julio- polls, and 29 M. P. from Juliopolis. It appean to have been near the b<nden of Bithynia, as Am* mianus says (xxt. 10) the emperor Jovianus on his return from the East came from Ancyra to Dadas- tana, where he died suddenly. [G. L.] DADES (AfScf , PtoL y. 14. § 2), a promontory on the SL coast of Cyprus, W. of Thronoi, which D'Anville has identified with KiH. (Engel, Kjfprot, voL i. p. 99.) [E. B. J.] DADICAE. [Dabadrak.] DAEDALA (tA AaOaXa : Etk AoiSoXc^f), a dty of the Rhodk, that is, the Persea in Caria, or a snudl place, as Stephanus B. says («. v.), on the authority of Strabo; and also a mountain tract in Lycia. The eastern limit of the Rhodian Peraea was the town of Daedala, and after Daedala, which be- longs to the Rhodii, u a mountain of the same name, Daexlahft, where commences the line of the Lycian coast: near the mountain, that is, on the coast, is Telmissus, a town of Lyda, and the promontory Telmissis. (Strab. pp. 664, 665.) The DaedaU is that part of the mountain country of Lycia which lies between the Dalamon Tchy and the middle course of the Xanthus; and the high Umd comes down to the coast at the head of the gulf of Glaucus or Makri. (Mapj &c. by Hoskyn, London Geog. Jour- naif vol. xii.) In Mr. Hcskyn's map just referred to, the rains of Daedala are placed near the head of the gulf of Glaucus, on the west side of a small river named Inigi Chaif which seems to be the river Ninus, of which Alexander in his Lydaca (Steph. B. t. V. AofSoAa) tells the legend, that Daedalus was going through a marsh on the Ninas, or throogh the Ninus river, when he was bitten by a water snake, and died and was buried there, and there the city Daedak was built. The valley through which the Hinw flows is pctoresque, and well-cultivated.