806^ EDROS. BuiTtth and Adjhuk (TVaveb, p. 241.) The rite of Edkra is not so accaratelj defined, bat Dr. Bobinsoo sajBi ** it is nearer toBwroA than is Deraoj accotti- ing to my information." [G. W.] EDROS, an island off ih» coast of Britain, men- tioned by Ptolemy (ii. 2. § 12) as one of the foor islands eastward of Hibemia, viz. : Monaoeda, Moua, Edros (desert), Leronos ^(desert). Another reading is Odros: Adrss and Androe, also £dros,:= Bcir^My Island of the ceast of Wales. [R- G. L.] « EDBUM (Idro), a town of Gallia Transpadan.1, ritnated on a consi(^rable lake, now called the Lcigo dldrOf farmed .by the river Cleusb or C%Mse. Neither the lake nor the town is mentioned by any andent anthor, bat an inscription cited by Cluver (^ItaL p. 108) proves the name and existenoe of the latter: it was probably not a municipal town, bat a dependency of Brixia. [E. H. B.] EETIONEIA. [Athekaie, p 508, a.] EGDINH. [Ecrnci.] EGELASTA. [Celtibebia.] EGESTA. [Sbobsta.] EGE'TA, AEGETACETnraor 'Ennw, Ptol. iii. 9. § 4), a town on the Damibe in Moesia, near the spot where Trajan built his bridge acron the river. According to the Notitia Imp. (30), its garrison consisted of a division of the thirteenth legion and a aqoadnm of cavalry. (/<m. Ant 218 ; Geqgr. Rav. iv. 7.) [L. S.] EGITA'NIA ildamna la Vieia, W. of Coria, on Che Poniur)f a city of Lusitania, only known by the inscriptions found among its extensive ruins. It was also called Igedita. (Gruter, p. 162, No. 31 ; Florez, Esp, S. vol. ziv. p. 137 ; Ukert, vol. ii. pt. 1. p. 397.) [P. S.] EGNATIA or GNATIA C^yvcerla or 'lyyaria: Eth, TvaBivos^rmct, Ignatinus, Lib. Col p. 262), a considerable town of Apulia, situated on the sea- coast between Barium and Brundusium. The Itine- xaries place it at 27 M. P. from the former, and 29 from the latte^ city. (ttin. Ant. pp 1 1 7 , 3 1 5 ; Tab. Pent) Both Strabo and Ptolemy mention it as a dty of the Peucetians or southern Apulians: and Pliny also assigns it to the Pediculi (the same people with the Peucetians), though he elsewheie less cor- rsctly describes it as a town of the Sallentines. It must indeed have been the last dty of the Peucetians towards the frontiers of Calabria. (Strab. vi. p. 282 ; Ptol. iu. 1. $ 15; Mel. u. 4; Plin. ii. 107. s. Ill, iii. 1 1 . B. 1 6.) Horace, who made it his last halting- place on his journey to Brundusium, tells us that it suffered from the want of good water *, and ridicules the pretended miracle (noticed also by Pliny) shown by the inhabitants, who asserted that incense placed on a certain altar was spontaneously consumed with- out the application of fiie. (Hor. Sat, L 5. 97 — 100; Plin. ii. 107. s. 111.) No mention of it is found in history, and it seems to have derived its chief importance from its position on the high road to Brundusium, which rendered it a convenient halting-place for travellers both by land and sea. (Strab. I. c.) There is, however, no autho-
- This at least is the construction put by all the
best commentators upon the phrase of Horace, — '* Lymphis iratis exstructa:" but it is remarkable that modem topographers speak of the site as abounding in fresh water, and having one fountain in particular, still called the Fonte dAgnazzo^ which is one of the finest in the whole country. (Pratilli, Via Affpia, p 544; Bomanelli, vol. ii. p. 146.) EION. rity for the asaert&m of some Italian topogmplien. (adopted firom them by Oruner and others), that the road from hence along the coast to Barium and C»- nnsium was named from this city the Via Egnatia^ — still less that it gave name to the celebrated mifi^ tary road across Macedonia and Thrace, from Apol- Ionia to the Hellespont. It appears probable, indeed, that the proper, or at least the original, name of tha city was not Egnataa, but Gnatia; which form is found in Horace, as wdl as m some of the best MSSL of Pliny And Mela; and is frurther canfirmed by « Greek inscription, in which the name of the people is written TNAeiNON. (Tzschucke, Ab^ a<l JfeL I c. ; Mommsen, U, I. JHaUkte, p 66.) The period of the destruction of Egnatia is mu known, but its ruins are stiJl visible on the aea-ooaat about 6 miles SE. of MonopcU. An old tower on the shore itself still bears tl^ name of Torre d^Ag^ nazzo; while considerable portaoos of the walls and other remains indicate the site of the ancient dty « little more inland, extending from th«aoe towards the modem town of Fatana, Numerous sepulchres have been excavated in the vicinity, and have yidded an abundant harvest of vsses, terracottas, and other andent relics, as well as a few inscripUons in the Messapian dialect (Pratilli, Via AppiOf iv. c. 15. p 546; Romanelli, voL n. p 146; Mommsen, U, /. Dialekte, p 66.) [E.H.B.] EGOBIGIUM, a place mentioned ia the Antonine Itin. and in the Table, on the road from Augusta Tie- vororum ( TVier) to Cologne. The stations in the Table are Beda, 18 M. P.; Ansava, 18; Egorigium, 12. In the Table it is written Icorigium. The next statkn to Egorigium is Marcoroagus (Marmagen), 12 M. P. Some geogrsphers place Egorigiumat Kirchenhadker^ not far from SUuMeiU on the Kill, which flows into the Mozelf on the left bank. [G. L.] EGO'SA. [Castellaki.] EGURRI. [AsTURES.] EIDUMANNIA, in Britain, mentioned by Ptolemjr (ii. 3. § 6) as a river between the prominence to tfaie south c^ the Garrienus ( Yare) and Or/ord ATess, and the *ldfU4r4ra fYlrxt'O'is (sic in the current editions). Whatever may be the reading, this 'IdMurcra meaivi the Thames. Hence, the^^otcr, Orwell^ Blachoater, or any of the Essex rivers may be the Eidnmannia. The ^^A-water is the best; in which case the db = the Welsh du, Gadic dubk = black. [R. G. L.] EILE'SIUM (Elk44rioy a town of Boeotia, of uncertain site, mentioned by Homer, the name of which, according to Strabo, indicates a marahy po- sition. (Hom. IL ii. 499 ; Strab. ix. p. 406 ; Steph. B. S.V. ; Leake, Northern Greece, vol. ii. p 469.) e¥0N. 1. {'HTt&v. Eth. 'HX»ycv'f, StepL B.), a town and fortress situated at the mondi of the Stry- m<Mi, 25 stadia from Amphipolis, of which it wan the harbour. (Thuc. iv. 102.) Xerxes, on his re- turn after the defeat at Sakmis, sailed from ETon to Ada. (Herod, viii. 118.) The Persian Boges.was left in command of the town, which was captnied, after a desperate resbtance, by the Athenians and thdr confederates, under Cimon. (Herod. viL 107; Thuc. i. 98 ; comp. Pans. viii. 8. § 2.) Braddas attacked it by land and by boats on the river, bat was repulsed by Thucydides, who had come from Thasos with his squadron in time to save it. (Thuc. iv. 107.) It was occupied by Gleon: and the re- mains of his army, after thdr defeat at Amj^polia, mustered again at ETon. (Thnc v. 10.) Extendve ruins of thick walls, constructed of small stones and mortar, among which appear many aquared blocks
