of Justinian) of the 'Student's Gibbon' (1899). In 1903, in co-operation with Miss A. M. Clay, he produced 'Sources for Roman History, B.C. 133–70' (Oxford) designed to prepare the way for a new 'History of Rome.' In 1904 he contributed an historical introduction to the fourth edition of Poste's 'Gaius.' In the same year appeared the first volume of 'A History of Rome during the Later Republic and Early Principate,' covering the years 133 to 104 B.C. This work was designed to extend to the accession of Vespasian and to fill six volumes, but no second volume was issued. Much of Greenidge's most interesting work is to be found in scattered articles, more particularly in the 'Classical Review.' His merit as an historian lies in his accurate accumulation of detail, combined with critical insight and power of exposition, which were not unmixed with occasional paradox.
A portrait in oils, subscribed for by the boys of the school, hangs in the hall of Harrison College, Barbados.
[Oxford Magazine, vol. xxiv. nos. 16 and 17; Journal of Comp. Legislation, new series, vol. vii. pt. i. p. 282; private information.]
GREENWOOD, FREDERICK (1830–1909), journalist, born in London on 25 March 1830, was eldest child in the family of eleven children of James Caer Greenwood, a coach-builder in Kensington, by his wife Mary Fish. His brother, James Greenwood, made a reputation as a voluminous story writer and journalist. Charles Greenwood (d. 1905), a popular sporting writer, best known as 'Hotspur' of the 'Daily Telegraph,' was no relation. Frederick, after being privately educated in Kensington, was apprenticed at about the age of fifteen to a firm of publishers and printers, but his indentures were voluntarily cancelled by the head of the firm in a year, and he was engaged as a reader. In 1851 Messrs. Clarke, Beeton & Co. consulted him as to the publication of the first English reprint of 'Uncle Tom's Cabin' (Tatler, 4 Dec. 1901). From the age of sixteen he supported himself, and at twenty he married (1850).
Greenwood was soon writing for papers and magazines. In 1853 he contributed a 'Life of Louis Napoleon Bonaparte' to a general account of 'The Napoleon Dynasty,' described as written 'by the Berkeley men and another.' It was republished under his own name with the title 'Life of Napoleon III, Emperor of the French,' in 1855; in a brief introduction Greenwood 'confesses to little knowledge of "politics" and lens cars.' The book shows a real comprehension of politics, and gives promise of the writer's mature style and method. For a time his chief ambition was to make a reputation as a novelist and story writer. In 1864 appeared 'The Loves of an Apothecary.' To 'Tait's Magazine' he contributed a story, 'The Path of Roses,' republished with numerous illustrations in 1869. A three-volume novel, 'Under a Cloud,' written in collaboration with his brother James, appeared first in 'The Welcome Guest' and then as a separate publication in 1860. He was a constant contributor to the 'Illustrated Times,' a paper started by Henry Vizetelly [q. v.] in 1855, just before the repeal of the Stamp Act (cf. Vizetelly's Glances Back, 1893).
In September 1861 Greenwood became first editor of the 'Queen,' at the outset a profusely illustrated paper, which gave a certain prominence to fashions but was largely literary and political. In July 1863 the 'Queen ' was combined with the 'Lady's Newspaper,' and Greenwood's connection with it ceased. Meanwhile he had established close relations with George Smith, chief proprietor of the publishing firm of Smith, Elder & Co. He contributed (Feb. 1860) 'An Essay without an End' to the second number of the 'Cornhill Magazine,' which Smith inaugurated under Thackeray's editorship. Greenwood's strongest story, 'Margaret Denzil's History,' which contains powerful drawing of character, appeared in the magazine in 1863, and separately in November 1864 (2 vols.). When Thackeray resigned the editorship in 1862, Greenwood and George Henry Lewes [q. v.] directed the 'Cornhill' under George Smith's superintendence. Lewes withdrew in 1864, and Greenwood was sole editor till 1868. But his bent was to journalism of the highest kind. A scheme for an independent daily paper, to be largely modelled both in form and tone on Canning's 'Anti-Jacobin,' had been for some time in his mind, and he had proposed it to Mr. Parker, owner and publisher of 'Fraser's Magazine,' who declined immediate action. Greenwood did not contemplate acting as editor, and consulted Carlyle on the choice of one. Meanwhile George Smith was considering a like design, and when Greenwood brought his scheme to him in 1861, he at once resolved to give it effect. Greenwood, to his surprise, was appointed editor. Smith's partner, Henry Samuel King, declined
