and counter-replies from the four ministers ensued. One of these, ‘The Plea of Presbytery’ (1840), which reached a third edition, earned for its authors a vote of thanks from the Synod of Ulster.
In July 1841 Killen was unanimously appointed by the general assembly of the presbyterian church in Ireland professor of church history, ecclesiastical government, and pastoral theology in their college, Belfast, in succession to James Seaton Reid [q. v.] Henceforth he resided in Belfast, proving himself an able professor and devoting his increased leisure to the special study of ecclesiastical history. In 1869 he was appointed president of the college in succession to Dr. Henry Cooke [q. v.], and in this capacity helped to raise large sums of money for professorial endowments and new buildings. In 1889 he resigned his chair, owing to advanced years, but continued in the office of president. He died on 10 Jan. 1902, and was buried in Balmoral cemetery, Belfast, where a fitting monument marks his resting place. He married in 1830 Anne (d. 1886), third daughter of Thomas Young, Ballymena, by whom he had three sons and five daughters.
Killen received the degrees of D.D. (1845) and of LL.D. (1901) from the University of Glasgow. His portrait, painted by Richard Hooke, hangs in the Gamble library, Assembly's College, Belfast.
Killen's historical writing was voluminous. He was painstaking in research, and threw much new light on the history of the Irish presbyterian church and other subjects.
His chief works, some of which circulated widely in the United Kingdom and in America, were: 1. Continuation of Reid's ‘History of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland to 1841,’ Belfast, 1853. 2. ‘The Ancient Church. Its History, Doctrine, Worship, and Constitution traced for the First Three Hundred Years,’ 1859. 3. ‘Memoir of John Edgar, D.D., LL.D.,’ Belfast, 1867. 4. ‘The Old Catholic Church. The History, Doctrine, Worship, and Polity of the Christians traced from the Apostolic Age to the Establishment of the Pope as a Temporal Sovereign, A.D. 755,’ Edinburgh, 1871. 5. ‘The Ecclesiastical History of Ireland from the Earliest Period to the Present Times,’ 2 vols. 1875. 6. ‘The Ignatian Epistles entirely Spurious. A Reply to Bishop Lightfoot,’ Edinburgh, 1886. 7. ‘The Framework of the Church. A Treatise on Church Government,’ Edinburgh, 1890. 8. ‘Reminiscences of a Long Life,’ 1901. He edited, with introductions and notes: 1. ‘The Siege of Derry,’ by John Mackenzie [q. v.], Belfast, 1861. 2. ‘The Rise and Progress of the Presbyterian Government in the North of Ireland,’ by Patrick Adair [q. v.] 3. ‘History of the Church of Ireland,’ by Andrew Stewart [q. v.], Belfast, 1866. 4. ‘History of Congregations of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland,’ chiefly by Seaton Reid, Belfast, 1886.
[Personal knowledge; Killen, Reminiscences of a Long Life, 1901; Belfast Newsletter, 11 Jan. 1902; private information.]
KIMBERLEY, first Earl of. [See Wodehouse, John (1826–1902), statesman.]
KINAHAN, GEORGE HENRY (1829–1908), geologist, born in Dublin on 19 Dec. 1829, was one of the fifteen children of Daniel Kinahan, barrister-at-law, by his wife Louisa Stuart Millar. Passing out from Trinity College, Dublin, with an engineering diploma in 1853, he was employed as an assistant on the construction of the railway viaduct over the Boyne at Drogheda. In 1854 he entered the Irish branch of the geological survey, under J. Beete Jukes [q. v.], and gained an intimate acquaintance with the geology of Ireland during thirty-six years of energetic work. He became district surveyor in 1869, and a large part of the geological map on the scale of one inch to one mile is due to his personal investigation. At his death no one had so wide a knowledge of local facts of Irish geological structure, or of the history of mining and kindred enterprises in the country. Kinahan was interested also in Irish archaeology. He was a member of the Royal Irish Academy, and served long upon its council.
Kinahan was eminent in geology as a field-worker rather than as a writer; but his books and his contributions to the 'Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Ireland' and to scientific periodicals in Ireland and England are mines of information. His style, especially in controversy, was often more vigorous than precise. His 'Manual of the Geology of Ireland' (1878) contains the results of much original observation. The classification adopted for the palaeozoic strata was modelled on certain suggestions of Jukes, and has ceased to meet with acceptance. An important compilation, largely from his own notes, entitled 'Economic Geology of Ireland,' which appeared as a series of papers in the Journal of the Royal
