public advantage on being made chairman of the royal commission on technical instruction. He was also a member of Viscount Cross's royal commission on elementary education in 1887, and next year of the parliamentary committee for inquiring into the working of the education acts.
His activity in other industrial inquiries was attested by a series of reports which he prepared in 1867 for the foreign office, on the iron trade between England and France, when renewal of the commercial treaty between the two countries was under consideration. He was chairman of parliamentary committees on the patent laws (1871-2) and on railways (1873). He was a member of the royal commission for the Paris exhibition of 1878, and received in that year the cross of the Legion of Honour. In 1886 he was chairman of the Associated Chambers of Commerce of the United Kingdom.
His scientific attainments were acknowledged by his election as a fellow of the Royal Society in 1881. He was a member of the council in 1887-8. He joined the Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 1865, and the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1869. He was one of the founders of the Iron and Steel Institute in the latter year, and was president of that body in 1883-5.
In 1884 Samuelson presented to Banbury a technical institute, which was opened by A. J. Mundella on 2 July 1884. Mundella then announced that a baronetcy had been conferred on Samuelson for his services to the education of the people. The benefactor's portrait by Sir Hubert von Herkomer, of which a replica hangs in the reading room, was presented to him on the same occasion.
Samuelson, who was long an enthusiastic yachtsman, died of pneumonia at his residence, 56 Princes Gate, S. W., on 10 May 1905, and was buried at Torre cemetery, Torquay. He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his eldest son, Henry Bernhard, formerly M.P. for Frome. Samuelson married (1) in 1844 Caroline (d. 1886), daughter of Henry Blundell, J.P., of Hull, by whom he had four sons and four daughters; and (2) in 1889 Lelia Mathilda, daughter of the Chevalier Leon Serena and widow of William Denny of Dumbarton.
Samuelson published at Gladstone's request a memoir on Irish land tenure (1869), and a report on the railway goods tariffs of Germany, Belgium, and Holland, presented to the Associated Chambers of Commerce Birmingham, 1885). Besides his presidential address (1883), he contributed to the 'Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute' papers on the Terni steel-works (1887, pt. i. p. 31) and on the construction and cost of blast-furnaces in the Cleveland district (ib. p. 91).
An oil painting by Gelli of Florence belongs to the eldest son, and a bronze bust by Fantachiotti of Florence, of which there are terra-cotta replicas, belongs to the second son, Francis. Sir Bemhard's eldest son added to the Queen Victoria Memorial Hospital at Mont Boron, Nice, the 'Sir Bernhard Samuelson memorial annexe' for infectious cases, with twenty beds ; a replica of Fantachiotti's bust is on the façade. An addition was also made in Sir Bernhard's memory to the Middlesbrough infirmary. A memorial painted window has been placed in Over Compton church, Sherborne, Dorsetshire, by Sir Bernhard's eldest daughter, Caroline, wife of Colonel Goodden.
[Banbury Guardian, Yorkshire Post, and The Times, 11 May 1905; Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute, 1905, pt. i. p. 504; Engineer, and Engineering, 12 May 1905; Burke's Peerage and Baronetage; private information.]
SANDBERG, SAMUEL LOUIS GRAHAM (1851–1905), Tibetan scholar, born on 9 Dec. 1851 at Oughtibridge in Yorkshire, was fifth child in a family of five sons and two daughters of Paul Louis Sandberg (d. 1878), then vicar of Oughtibridge, by his wife Maria (1815–1903), daughter of James Graham of the diplomatic service and grand-daughter of Dr. James Graham (1745–1794) [q. v.], a London doctor. Both parents were distinguished by linguistic talents. The father, whose ancestors came to England from Sweden, had won the Tyrwhitt Hebrew scholarship and other successes at Cambridge, and was conversationally acquainted with as many as thirteen languages, including Arabic, Syriac, and Hindustani. He was in India as a missionary from 1843 to 1849, becoming principal of Jai Narayan's College at Benares. From 1874 till his death in 1878 he was rector of Northrepps in Norfolk. His widow, a writer of devotional works and a philanthropist, who died in April 1903, aged eighty-eight, received the exceptional title of honorary life member of the Church Missionary Society. She was acquainted with seven languages, including Hindustani (The Times, 27 April 1903).
Young Sandberg, after attending Liver-
