Rochester. He was appointed to the see of Raphoe on 14 May 1744, and translated to Derry on 3 March 1747. Having returned to England on account of ill-health, he died in Great Queen Street, Westminster, on 10 Jan. 1768, in the seventy-second year of his age, and was buried in the north aisle of Westminster Abbey, where a tablet records his virtues and dignities (Malcolm, Londinium Redivivum, i. 122). He married a sister of Dr. George Stone, archbishop of Armagh. His eldest son, Thomas Barnard [q. v.], became bishop of Limerick. His second son, Henry, was father of Sir Andrew Francis [q. v.] and of the Rev. William, father of Sir Henry William [q. v.] Barnard was a great benefactor to the see of Derry. His only publication is ‘A Sermon preached before the Incorporated Society for Promoting English Protestant Schools in Ireland,’ Dublin, 1752, 8vo.
[Cotton's Fasti Eccl. Hibern. iii. 324, 356; Gent. Mag. ii. 980, xxxviii. 47; Le Neve's Fasti (Hardy), ii. 578, iii. 365; Malcolm's Londinium Redivivum, i. 358; Manning and Bray's Surrey, ii. 757; Welch's Alumni Westmon. (Phillimore), 259, 269, 270, 278, 325, 546, 575; Widmore's Hist. of Westminster Abbey, 226.]
BARNARD, WILLIAM (1774–1849), mezzotint engraver, was born in 1774. He practised his art in London, and held for some years the office of keeper of the British Institution. He died 11 Nov. 1849. Among his most successful plates are ‘Summer’ and ‘Winter,’ after Morland, which are often found printed in colours, and no less than four portraits of Lord Nelson, after Abbott.
[Redgrave's Dictionary of Artists, 1878; J. Chaloner Smith's British Mezzotinto Portraits, 1878–84, i. 7–12.]
BARNARDISTON, Sir NATHANIEL (1588–1653), puritan and opponent of the government of Charles I, was descended from an ancient Suffolk family which took its name from the little village of Barnardiston, or Barnston, near Ketton, or Kedington, where its chief estates lay. The family pedigree goes back to the time of Richard I, and the line of descent has remained unbroken until the present time. Sir Nathaniel, the thirteenth in descent from the twelfth century, was born at Ketton in 1588; he was knighted at Newmarket by James I on 15 Dec. 1618, and is stated to have been the twenty-third knight of his family. His grandfather, Sir Thomas Barnardiston, was educated at Geneva under Calvin ‘in the miserable and most unhappy days of our Queen Mary,’ and first gave the family its puritan leanings, which Sir Nathaniel finally developed. His father, also Sir Thomas, was high sheriff of Suffolk in 1580, and was knighted 23 July 1603. His mother was Mary, daughter of Sir Richard Knightley, of Fawsley in Northamptonshire. Sir Thomas the elder survived by nine years Sir Thomas the younger, who died 29 July 1610, and in 1611 his name appeared on the first list of persons about to be created baronets, but by a later order the bestowal of the dignity was ‘stayed’ indefinitely. Sir Nathaniel's steady opposition to the Stuart government has been ascribed to disappointment on this account, but baronetcies were not then rated high enough to make the statement credible. Sir Nathaniel succeeded to the family estates on his grandfather's death in 1619. At the time they were in a very prosperous condition and producing an annual income of nearly 4,000l. Since his father's death in 1610 the distribution of church preferment in the gift of his grandfather had been largely in Sir Nathaniel's hands, and he had shown a strong predilection for eminent puritan divines.
In 1623 Sir Nathaniel was high sheriff of his county, and with his habitual piety he ‘took with him his sheriffsmen to a weekly lecture at some distance from his house.’ In the parliaments of 1625 and 1626 he was M.P. for Sudbury in Suffolk. Although he sat in five consecutive parliaments, he never took any prominent part in the debates, but he voted invariably with the party opposed to the king. In 1625 he was nominated one of the commissioners for the collection of the general loan enforced without parliamentary consent, but he refused either to take the oath tendered him ‘according to the commission’ or to lend 20l., ‘alleging that he was not satisfied therein in his conscience’ (Cal. Dom. State Papers, 16 Dec. 1625). Early in 1627 (25 Feb. 1626–7), the council ordered Sir Nathaniel to be brought before it to explain his resistance to the loan after having, as it was reported, formerly given consent to it. And for persisting in his refusal to contribute ‘the shipmoney, coal, and conduct money, and the loan,’ he was ‘committed to prison, at first in the Gatehouse in London, and subsequently in a castle of Lincolnshire.’ In March 1627–8, at a council held at Whitehall, orders for his release were issued at the same time as John Hampden and Richard Knightley, Barnardiston's first cousin, were also discharged from prison (Nugent's Memorials of Hampden, 369, ed. 1860). In the same month Sir Nathaniel and Sir Edward Coke were returned to parliament
