protracted labour (see Collins, Sketch of Clarke). He was remarkable for his abstention from the use of the forceps, which he only employed once in private practice. His receipts in fees of from 10l. to 150l. amounted to 37,252l. He retired from practice in 1829, and died on 10 Sept. 1834 at Edinburgh, while attending the meeting of the British Association there.
Clarke's ‘Observations on the Puerperal Fever,’ originally published in the ‘Edinburgh Medical Commentaries,’ xv. 299, 1790, have been reprinted by Dr. Fleetwood Churchill in ‘Essays on the Puerperal Fever,’ Sydenham Society, 1849. He published several important papers in the ‘Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy,’ of which he was vice-president, among which may be mentioned ‘Remarks on the Causes and Cure of some Diseases of Infancy,’ vol. vi., and ‘On Bilious Colic and Convulsions in Early Infancy,’ vol. xi. Two letters of his to Richard Price, D.D., author of ‘A Treatise on Life Annuities,’ dealing with some causes of the excess of mortality of males above that of females, were printed in the ‘Philosophical Transactions’ for 1786, p. 349.
[Collins's Sketch of the Life and Writings of Joseph Clarke, M.D., with results of his private practice, 1849.]
CLARKE, JOSEPH (1811?–1860), divine, of St. John's College, Cambridge, B.A. 1837, M.A. 1841, was incumbent of Stretford, Lancashire, and rural dean of Manchester. He was wrecked in the Orion, passenger steamer between Liverpool and Greenock, on 17 June 1850, and was picked up by a boat when almost exhausted. He published an account of this event with the title ‘The Wreck of the Orion,’ three editions, 8vo, also ‘Trees of Righteousness,’ 12mo. He made collections for a history of his parish, and bequeathed his manuscripts to the Bishop of Manchester; they were of considerable use to the Rev. F. R. Raines in preparing his ‘History of the Chantries within the County of Lancaster,’ published by the Chetham Society in 1862. Clarke died at Stretford on 18 Feb. 1860 at the age of forty-nine.
[Gent. Mag. 3rd ser. 1860, viii. 463, 1863, xv. 243; Clarke's Wreck of the Orion; History of the Chantries (Chetham Soc.), introd. xxxi.]
CLARKE, MARCUS ANDREW HISLOP (1846–1881), author, generally called Marcus Clarke, was born at 11 Leonard Place, Kensington, on 24 April 1846. His father, William Hislop Clarke, was called to the bar at the Middle Temple, 25 June 1830, and was an equity draftsman, in practice at 9 New Square, Lincoln's Inn, who married Amelia Elizabeth Matthews. Marcus, the only son, emigrated to Victoria, Australia, in 1863, and was for four years resident on a station on the Wimmera river, with the object of gaining experience to enable him to engage profitably in pastoral pursuits, but in 1867, abandoning his original intentions, went to Melbourne and joined the staff of the ‘Argus,’ a daily paper. His first publication, ‘The Peripatetic Philosopher,’ consisted of a series of papers in the ‘Australasian,’ which attracted some attention. In the following year he brought out a novel called ‘Long Odds,’ and in 1870 produced at the Theatre Royal the pantomime of ‘Little Bo-Peep.’ He was appointed secretary to the trustees of the Public Library, Melbourne, in 1872, and four years later became the assistant-librarian. His drama ‘Plot,’ which had a successful run, was played at the Princess's Theatre in 1873, and was followed by his adaptation of Molière's ‘Bourgeois Gentilhomme.’ The best pantomime ever produced in the Australian colonies was Clarke's ‘Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star,’ given at the Theatre Royal, Melbourne, at Christmas 1873. During this time he was actively engaged on the press; he for some years wrote the dramatic criticism for the ‘Argus,’ and contributed to the leading and critical columns of all the principal journals in Melbourne. His reputation rests chiefly upon a novel called ‘His Natural Life,’ 1874, a very strongly written story, which met with high praise from English and foreign reviews. It has been republished in London by Bentley, 1875 and 1878, in New York by Harper Brothers, and in Germany by the firm of Otto Hanke, under the title of ‘De portirt auf Lebenszeit.’ He was also the author of ‘Holiday Peak,’ a collection of stories, and wrote the letterpress to ‘Pictures in the National Gallery, Melbourne,’ by T. F. Chuck, 1873. He died in Melbourne, 2 Aug. 1881, aged only 35. He married in 1868 Marion, the second daughter of John Dunn, the well-known comedian.
[Men of the Time in Australia, Victorian Series (1878), p. 36; Heaton's Australian Dictionary of Dates (1879), p. 39; Times, 28 Sept. 1881, p. 6.]
CLARKE, MARY ANNE (1776–1852), mistress of Frederick, duke of York, was, according to Elizabeth Taylor, who knew her well, the daughter of a man named Thompson, and was born in Ball and Pin Alley, White's Alley, Chancery Lane, in 1776. Her father died when she was very young, and Mrs. Thompson married a compositor named
