mentary visitors a demyship, and subsequently a fellowship of Magdalen College. After graduating M.A. on 14 March 1649 (Wood, Fasti Oxon. ed. Bliss, ii. 122) he was licensed as a preacher, and officiated at St. Aldate's Church in Oxford, and afterwards at Brackley in Northamptonshire. On 29 May 1658 he was admitted B.D. (ib. ii. 215). Upon being ejected from his fellowship at the Restoration he retired to Holland. He afterwards returned to England, and for some time taught logic and philosophy to a few pupils near Stourbridge in Worcestershire, but went again to Holland and preached for several years in the English church at Leyden. On 18 April 1675 he entered himself as a medical student at Leyden University (Leyden Students, Index Soc. p. 49). He died at Leyden in 1692. He wrote much in defence of nonconformity, and had a fierce controversy with Thomas Pierce, dean of Salisbury, John Durel [q. v.], Peter Heylyn, Matthew Scrivener, Laurence Womack [q. v.], and other churchmen. His writings are:
- ‘Πατρο-σκολαστικο-δικαίωσις, or a Justification of the Fathers and Schoolmen: shewing that they are not selfe-condemned for denying the positivity of sin. … Being an Answer to so much of … T. Pierce's Book called Αὐτοκατάκρισις as doth relate to the foresaid opinion,’ 8vo, Oxford, 1658; 2nd edit. 1659. John Durel, in his ‘Sanctæ Ecclesiæ Anglicanæ Vindiciæ,’ 1669 (ch. ii. pp. 100–1), asserts that this book was plagiarised from various authors of repute.
- ‘Πόθεν ζιζαγια [ζιζάνια], sive Concio [on Matt. xiii. 27, the reference is wrongly given as iii. 27] de Hæresium Origine, Latine habita ad Academicos Oxonienses, 12 Aprilis pro inchoando Termino. Adjicitur brevis refutatio Tileni,’ 8vo, Oxford, 1659. Tilenus found a defender in L. Womack.
- ‘A Review of the Certamen Epistolare betwixt P. Heylin and H. Hickman. Wherein the exceptions of the Dr. against Mr. H.'s arguments are all taken off. … Also a Reply to Mr. Pierce his late virulent Letter to the aforesaid Dr. By Theophilus Churchman,’ 12mo, London, 1659.
- ‘Laudensium Apostasia: or a Dialogue in which is shewn that some Divines risen up in our church since the greatness of the late Archbishop are in sundry points of great moment quite fallen off from the Doctrine received in the Church of England,’ 4to, London, 1660.
- ‘Χειροθεσία τοῦ πρεσβυτερίου, or a Letter to a Friend tending to prove, i. That valid Ordination ought not to be repeated, ii. That valid Ordination by Presbyters is valid; with an appendix containing some animadversions on J. Humfrey's discourse concerning re-ordination, by R. A.,’ 4to, London, 1661. In spite of the initials R. A., ‘Hickman was supposed by many learned men to be the author’ (Wood, Athenæ Oxon. iv. 371; Hearne, Coll. Oxf. Hist. Soc. i. 73).
- ‘Apologia pro ministris in Anglia, vulgo Non-Conformistis, Anno 1662, Aug. 24 … ejectis,’ 8vo, ‘Eleutheropolis,’ 1664; 2nd edition (1665), written under the pseudonym of ‘Irenæus Eleutherius.’ Durel replied in his ‘Vindiciæ,’ mentioned above.
- ‘The Believer's Duty towards the Spirit, and the Spirit's Office towards Believers’ (anon.), 8vo, London, 1665; another edition 1700.
- ‘Bonasus Vapulans’ (anon.), 8vo, London, 1672, against J. Durel.
- ‘Historia Quinq-Articularis Exarticulata; or Animadversions on Doctor Heylin's Quinquarticular History,’ 8vo, 2nd ed. London, 1674. In 1660 ‘M. O., Bachelour of Arts,’ published ‘Fratres in Malo, or the Matchless Couple, represented in the Writings of Mr. E. Bagshaw and Mr. H. Hickman.’
[Wood's Athenæ Oxon. (Bliss), iv. 368–73; Brit. Mus. Cat.]
HICKS or HICKES, BAPTIST, first Viscount Campden (1551–1629), born in London in 1551, was the third son of Robert Hicks or Hickes, a rich citizen in Cheapside. He was brought up in his father's business of a mercer. The influence of his brother, Sir Michael Hicks [q. v.], led to his supplying the court with silk and mercery, and establishing a flourishing business at the White Bear in Cheapside. Soon after James I's accession Hicks was knighted. He was one of the first citizens of London who kept a shop after receiving such an honour, and in 1607, and again a few years later, he had in consequence a dispute for precedency with the court of aldermen. In 1609 he held the appointment of a contractor for crown lands (Cal. State Papers, Dom.) On 1 July 1620 he was created a baronet; he was elected M.P. for Tavistock 6 Dec. 1620, and for Tewkesbury in the parliaments of 1624, 1625, 1626, and 1628 (Return of Members of Parliament); in 1625 he was appointed a deputy-lieutenant for Middlesex; and on 5 May 1628 he was raised by Charles I to the peerage as Baron Hicks of Ilmington, Warwickshire, and Viscount Campden of Campden, Gloucestershire, with special remainder to his son-in-law, Edward Noel, lord Noel of Ridlington, Rutlandshire. In 1584 he had married Elizabeth, daughter of Richard May of London, and by her left two daughters, his coheirs.
