be satisfied with no other security than the delivery of his person. Thereupon he agreed to deliver himself up to be confined in Inverness, only stipulating that he should be seized at his seat with a show of force to hide his voluntary submission from the clan. On a party being sent to capture him he, however, changed his mind and disappointed them, pleading that his delicate health would suffer from imprisonment. Thereupon Mackay resolved to treat his vassals 'with the rigour of military execution;' but, desirous for their sake to avoid extremities, he caused information of his intentions to be sent to Seaforth (Mackay, Memoirs, p. 102), who thereupon surrendered himself and was confined in the castle of Inverness. In consequence of a warrant of the privy council, 7 Oct. 1690, he was brought to Edinburgh and imprisoned in the castle. His relative George Mackenzie, viscount Tarbat, first earl of Cromarty [q . v.], made strong representations to Lord Melville against the impolicy of his imprisonment (Leven and Melville Papers, pp. 567, 585), but he was retained a prisoner till 7 Jan. 1692, when he was allowed his liberty within ten miles of Edinburgh. On 7 May he was apprehended at Pencaitland and confined to the castle of Inverness, and was not finally liberated till 1 March 1696-7. Afterwards he went to France, and died in Paris in January 1701.
By his wife Lady Frances (d. 1732), second daughter of William Herbert, marquis of Powis, he had two sons, William, fifth earl [q. v.], and Alexander; a daughter, Mary, married John Caryll, son of John Caryll (1666?-1736) [q. v.] A portrait of the fourth earl is at Brahan.
[Leven and Melville Papers (Bannatyne Club); General Mackay's Memoirs (ib.); Mackenzie's History of the Mackenzies, pp. 209-16; Douglas's Scottish Peerage ("Wood), ii. 484.]
MACKENZIE, KENNETH (1754–1833), lieutenant-general. [See Douglas, Sir Kenneth.]
MACKENZIE, KENNETH DOUGLAS (1811–1873), colonel, born 1 Feb. 1811, was only son and eldest child of Donald Mackenzie and his wife, the daughter of T. Mylne of Mylnefield, Perthshire, and nephew of General Sir Kenneth Douglas [q. v.] On 25 Nov. 1831 he was appointed ensign in the 92nd Gordon Highlanders, in which he became lieutenant in 1836 and captain in 1844, all by purchase. He served with the regiment in the Mediterranean, West Indies, and at home. During the Irish insurrection of 1848, when he was acting as brigadier-major of the flying column under Major-general John Macdonald (d. 1869), to whom he had been adjutant in the 92nd, his courage and self-reliance brought him into notice. On the arrest of William Smith O'Brien [q. v.] at Thurles railway station on 5 Aug. 1848, Mackenzie, in order to keep the fact a secret, so as to avoid a possible attempt at a rescue or a destruction the line, contrived to stop a passenger train, in which to send O'Brien to Dublin. The engine-driver refused to comply with Mackenzie's order until Mackenzie held a pistol to his head and threatened to kill him (Ann. Reg. 1848). Mackenzie was' held to have exercised a sound discretion, which would have been a good legal defence to him if he had proceeded to put his threat into execution' (Prendergast, Law relating to Officers of the Army, p. 169). Sir George Grey [q. v.] stated in the House of Commons that Mackenzie's conduct had received the highest commendation of the commander-in-chief, the Duke of Wellington.
Mackenzie soon after received the appointment of deputy-assistant adjutant-general in Dublin, which he held until the Crimean war. He went to Turkey as brigade-major of Codrington's brigade of the light division, with which he landed in the Crimea, and was present at the Alma and Inkermann and before Sevastapol. He was made brevet-major 12 Dec. 1854, and brevet lieutenant-colonel Nov. 1855. From the beginning of 1855 to the end of the war he served first as deputy-assistant quartermaster-general, and then as an assistant adjutant-general at the headquarters before Sevastopol, and latterly as assistant quartermaster-general at Balaklava. Lord Raglan described him as 'not to be surpassed in efficiency by any officer in the army.' After the war he went back to Dublin as deputy-assistant adjutant-general. He became major in the 92nd in 1857, accompanied the regiment to India in January 1858, and served in the Central Indian campaign (medal), and was made an assistant adjutant-general in Bengal. In June 1869 he was sent to quell a mutiny in the 5th Bengal Europeans at Berhampore, a service for which he was thanked by the governor-general in council, and by the secretary of state. In 1860 he was deputy quartermaster-general and head of the department in the expedition to the north of China (C.B. and medal). He was promoted to a lieutenant-colonelcy unattached in 1861, and became brevet-colonel 1 April 1869. He was assistant adjutant-general in Dublin during the Fenian disturbances of 1865-6, and on 1 April 1870 was appointed assistant quartermaster-general at the horse guards, in which capacity he took
