the materials at least eleven years before. Islington was, after the French Revolution, the headquarters of royalist emigration, and there Pugin met his future wife, Catherine, daughter of William Welby, barrister, and a relative of Sir William Welby. She was known as the ‘Belle of Islington.’ After her marriage (2 Feb. 1802) she exercised a firm control over Pugin's pupils as well as his household.
Meanwhile Nash and his works were not altogether neglected. Pugin in 1824 was asked to make the drawings for a volume illustrating the Brighton Pavilion, and while he was engaged upon the work George IV, who came to watch, accidentally upset the colour-box, and, mindful perhaps of illustrious parallels in the past, picked it up with an apology that greatly gratified the artist.
In 1821 there appeared the first number of ‘Specimens of Gothic Architecture,’ the first-fruits of the mission which Nash had laid upon Pugin; and in 1825 he visited Normandy with some of his pupils. The drawings which he and his assistants made in France on this and later occasions are among the most important of his productions. Pugin's band of pupils included, besides his celebrated son Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin [q. v.], W. Lake Price (still living) and Joseph Nash [q. v.], who became members of the Old Water-colour Society; James Pennethorne [q. v.], Talbot Bury, J. D'Egville, son of the ballet-master of the Italian opera; B. Ferrey, biographer of the Pugins; Francis T. Dollman, architect and author of several architectural works (still living); and Charles James Mathews [q. v.], the comedian. Hints for the character of Monsieur Mallet, which the elder Mathews frequently personated at the old Adelphi Theatre, were drawn from his knowledge of Pugin and of his troubles as a newly arrived foreigner in England.
As an architect on his own account Pugin had little or no practice. He was associated with Sir Marc Isambard Brunel [q. v.] in the designs for the cemetery at Kensal Green, and his drawing for one of the gateways of the cemetery was exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1827. He was joint architect with Morgan of the diorama near Regent's Park, now a chapel, and designed the internal decoration of the cosmorama in Regent Street (destroyed by fire). He earned his title to fame partly as an educator of young architects, notably his own son, but chiefly by his work as an illustrator of Gothic architecture; for by his careful drawings of old buildings he paved the way for the systematic study of detail which was the basis of that true revival which followed the hopeless and unlearned period of ‘Strawberry-Hill’ enthusiasm.
Pugin's office was first at 34 Store Street, Tottenham Court Road, but in his later years he resided at 105 (now 106) Great Russell Street. There he died, after a long illness, on 19 Dec. 1832. Mrs. Pugin survived him till 28 April 1833, and both were buried in a family vault at the church of St. Mary, Islington, where they had been married.
A lithograph portrait is in B. Ferrey's ‘Recollections of A. N. W. Pugin,’ drawn from memory by his pupil Joseph Nash, and a portrait in oils, by Oliver is in the possession of the family.
The published works which Pugin produced or in which he participated are:
- Plates (with Rowlandson) for ‘Ackerman's Microcosm of London,’ 1808.
- With Mackenzie, ‘Specimens of Gothic Architecture from Oxford,’ 4to, n.d.
- With E. W. Brayley, ‘Views in Islington and Pentonville,’ 4to, 1823.
- ‘Specimens of Gothic Architecture’ (descriptions by E. J. Willson), 2 vols. 4to, 1821–3.
- With J. Britton, ‘Illustrations of the Public Buildings of London,’ 8vo, 1825–8.
- Plates of Gothic Furniture for ‘Ackermann's Repository of Arts,’ 1810–25–26–27; republished separately about 1835.
- With Britton and Le Keux, ‘Specimens of Architectural Antiquities of Normandy,’ 4to, 1826–8.
- ‘Examples of Gothic Architecture,’ 2 vols. 4to, 1828–31.
- ‘Translation of Normand's Parallel of Orders of Architecture,’ with two extra plates, fol. 1829.
- With Heath, ‘Views of Paris and Environs,’ 4to, 1828–1831.
- ‘Gothic Ornaments from Ancient Buildings in England and France,’ 4to, 1831.
- ‘Ornamental Gables,’ 4to, 1831. This and No. 10 with lithographs by J. D. Harding. 13. ‘Gothic Furniture,’ 1835.
Pugin also contributed plates to other publications by Ackermann, such as the volumes on Westminster Abbey, 1812, and the public schools, 1816.
[Ferrey's Recollections of A. W. N. Pugin; Life of C. J. Mathews, edited by C. Dickens; Architectural Publication Society's Dictionary; Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; private information.]
PUGIN, AUGUSTUS WELBY NORTHMORE (1812–1852), architect, ecclesiologist, and writer, born on 1 March 1812 at 34 Store Street, Bedford Square, was son of Augustus Charles Pugin [q. v.], from whom he received his training as an architect and inherited a remarkable facility in draughtsmanship. After being educated at Christ's Hospital as a private student, he joined his father's pupils, and for two or three
