iii. 361). Afterwards he held Argentan in Normandy for William against Duke Robert, but was forced to surrender in 1094 (English Chronicle; Hen. Hunt. p. 217). Roger sided with his brother Robert of Bellême in his rebellion against Henry I in 1102, and for his treason was deprived of his earldom and expelled from England. He retired to his wife's castle of Charroux, near Civrai, where he waged a long war with Hugh VI of Lusignan as to the county of La Marche. He was succeeded as count of La Marche by his son, Audebert III; his daughter Pontia married Vulgrin, count of Angoulême (Ord. Vit. iv. 178–9; Recueil, xii. 402). Roger gave lands in Lancashire to his father's foundation at Shrewsbury, and was himself the founder of a priory at Lancaster as a cell of St. Martin Séez (Dugdale, Monast. Angl. iii. 519, 521, vi. 997–9).
Philip of Montgomery (d. 1099), called Grammaticus or the Clerk, fourth son of Roger de Montgomery, witnessed the foundation charter of Shrewsbury Abbey (Dugdale, Monast. Angl. iii. 520). He took part in the rebellion of Robert de Mowbray [q. v.] in 1094. Early in 1096 he was imprisoned by William II (Flor. Wig. i. 39), but was soon released, and in the same year went on the crusade with Robert of Normandy, and, after fighting valiantly against Corbogha at Antioch, died at Jerusalem. William of Malmesbury describes him as renowned beyond all knights in letters. His daughter Matilda succeeded her aunt Emma as abbess of Almenesches (Ord. Vit. iii. 483, iv. 183; Will. Malm. Gesta Regum, p. 461). The Scottish family of Montgomerie, now represented by the Earl of Eglinton, claims to be descended from Philip de Montgomery [see under Montgomerie, Sir John]. Philip had issue, who remained in Normandy and bore the name of Montgomery (Stapleton, Rot. Norm. II. xciv).
Arnulf, Earl of Pembroke (fl. 1110), fifth son of Roger de Montgomery, obtained Dyved or Pembroke as his share by lot (Ord. Vit. ii. 423, iii. 425–6; Brut y Tywysogion, p. 67). He built the castle of Pembroke ‘ex virgis et cespite’ about 1090 (ib.; Gir. Cambr. vi. 89). The same year he was fighting for Robert of Bellême, and twelve years later he took a chief part in the rebellion against Henry I. Arnulf sent for help to Ireland, and asked for the daughter of Murchadh [q. v.], king of Leinster, in marriage, which was easily obtained. He crossed over to Ireland to receive his wife, and is said to have supported the Irish against Magnus of Norway, and aspired to obtain the kingdom of Ireland. Murchadh, however, took away his daughter Lafacroth, and schemed to kill Arnulf. Subsequently Arnulf was reconciled to Murchadh and married to Lafacroth, but he died the day after the wedding (Ord. Vit. iv. 177–8, 193–4; Brut, pp. 69, 73). He founded the priory of St. Nicholas in the castle at Pembroke as a cell of St. Martin Séez, 27 Aug. 1098 (Dugdale, Monast. Angl. iv. 320, vi. 999). The Welsh family of Carew claims descent from Arnulf.
[Ordericus Vitalis (Soc. de l'Hist. de France); William of Malmesbury's Gesta Regum and Gesta Pontificum; Brut y Tywysogion (Rolls Ser.); William of Jumièges, and William of Poitiers, ap. Duchesne's Hist. Norm. Scriptores; Wace's Roman de Rou; Stapleton's Rot. Scacc. Normanniæ; Battle Abbey Roll, ed. Duchess of Cleveland; Dugdale's Baronage, i. 26–32, and Monasticon Anglicanum; Freeman's Norman Conquest and William Rufus; Eyton's Antiquities of Shropshire, passim; Owen and Blakeway's History of Shrewsbury; Planché's Conqueror and his Companions; other authorities quoted.]
ROGER BIGOD (d. 1107), baron. [See under Bigod, Hugh, first Earl of Norfolk.]
ROGER of Salisbury (d. 1139), also called Roger the Great, bishop of Salisbury and justiciar, was of humble origin, and originally priest of a little chapel near Caen. The future king, Henry I, chanced, while riding out from Caen, to turn aside to this chapel to hear mass. Roger, guessing the temper of his audience, went through the service with such speed that they declared him the very man for a soldier's chaplain, and Henry took him into his service. Roger, though almost wholly unlettered, was astute and zealous, and as Henry's steward managed his affairs with such skill that he soon won his master's confidence (Will. Newb. i. 36, ap. Chron. Stephen, Henry II, and Richard I, Rolls Ser.) After Henry became king, he made Roger his chancellor in 1101. In September 1102 Henry invested Roger with the bishopric of Salisbury. In this capacity Roger attended Anselm's council at Michaelmas; but though the archbishop did not refuse to communicate with him, he would not consecrate Roger or two other intended bishops who had lately received investiture from the king. Henry then appealed to Archbishop Gerard [q. v.] of York, who was ready to perform the ceremony, but the other two bishops declined to accept consecration from Gerard, while Roger prudently temporised, so as neither to anger the king nor to injure the cause of Anselm (Will. Malm. Gesta Pontificum, pp. 109–10).
