is regarded as falling in with discoveries (somewhat incomplete, it is true) in Hungary and Bosnia.
Authorities.—All the evidence is collected by T. E. Peet, The Stone and Bronze Ages in Italy and Sicily (Oxford, 1909), xiv. and xviii., which gives illustrations and references to the more important literature; this work supersedes all previous works on the terremare. Prof. Pigorini's article, “Le più antiche civiltà dell' Italia," in Bullettino di paletnologia italiana, xxix., is classical. See also the works of Montelius, Modestov, and Ridgeway (Early Age of Greece, vol. i.). (J. M. M.)
TERRANOVA, a town of Sicily, on the S. coast, in the province
of Caltanisetta, 74 m. by rail and 41 m. direct E.S.E. of
Girgenti. Pop. (1901) 22,019. The poorly built modern town
contains no buildings of interest or importance; it stands on a
sand-hill near the sea, with a fertile plain (the ancient Campi
Geloi) to the N. of it. It has some trade but no port, only an
open road stead. It almost certainly occupies the site of the
ancient Gela (q.v.). Outside it on the E. are scanty remains of
a Doric temple (480–440 B.C.?) of which a single pillar only
remains, which was still standing in the 18th century (height
about 26½ ft., lower diameter 5⅔ ft.); here some painted
decorative terracotta have been found (see Orsi in Atti del
Congresso di Scienze Storiche, Rome, 1904, v. 188). Between it
and the modern town the stylobate of a large temple was found
in 1906. This seems to have been constructed towards the end
of the 7th century B.C. on the site of a still earlier edifice. The
stylobate measures 115 by 58 ft. A large number of decorative
terracotta were found, among them a small helmeted head of
Athena: her name recurs upon the lip of a large pithos, and it is
probable that the temple was dedicated to her. There is no
trace of any object that can be dated after the end of the 6th
century B.C., and it is therefore probable that this temple was
destroyed when the other was constructed, and that the latter
also was dedicated to Athena. On the W. of the town, on the
Capo Soprano, was the ancient necropolis, where many tombs
of the Greek period have been discovered; the objects found,
including many fine Attic vases, are partly in private collections
at Terranova itself, partly in foreign museums, while the
results of later excavations, including some large terracotta
Sarcophagi, are in the museum at Syracuse.
See Orsi in Notizie degli scavi, 1901, 307; 1902, 408; 1907, 38.
TERRANOVA PAUSANIA, a seaport of Sardinia, in the
province of Sassari, situated on the E. coast, 14 m. S.W. of
Golfo Aranci, and 72 m. E. of Sassari by rail, and in the innermost
recess of the sheltered gulf of Terranova. Pop. (1901)
4348. It occupies the site of the ancient Olbia (q.v.), and until
the traffic was transferred to Golfo Aranci, was the .port of
embarkation for Italy, as in ancient times. There is some trade
in cork and charcoal. The place is low-lying and malarious.
The only building of interest is the Romanesque church of
S. Simplicio, once the cathedral, which as it stands dates probably
from the 11th century. It was the seat of the giudici of
Gallura, sent here by the Pisans in the 11th century (but probably
the native giudici resided at Tempio), and of an episcopal see,
united in 1506 with that of Ampurias. The name Pausania is
the consequence of an error; it is a corruption of Fausiana, a
town and episcopal see of Sardinia mentioned by Gregory the
Great, the site of which is in reality uncertain.
TERRE HAUTE, a city and the county-seat of Vigo county, Indiana, U.S.A., on the eastern bank of the Wabash river,
about 186 m. S. by E. of Chicago and about 73 m. W. by S. of Indianapolis. Pop. (1890) 30,217; (1900) 36,673, of whom
1520 were negroes and 2952 foreign-born; (1910, census)
58,157. Land area (1906), 8.25 sq. m., of which nearly one-third
had been annexed since 1890 and a considerable part since 1900.
It is served by the Chicago & Eastern Illinois, the Cleveland,
Cincinnati, Chicago & St Louis, the Evansville & Indianapolis,
the Evansville & Terre Haute, the Southern Indiana,
the Vandalia and several electric interurban railways. It is
finely situated on high ground 60 ft. above the river level, and
has wide, well-paved streets shaded by oaks and elms. It is
the seat of the Indiana State Normal School (1870), which had
in 1909 a library of about 50,000 volumes, 52 instructors and
an average term enrolment of 988 students, and of the Rose
Polytechnic Institute, which was founded in 1874 by Chauncey
Rose (1794–1877), was opened in 1883, offers courses in mechanical,
electrical, civil and chemical engineering and in
architecture, and in 1909 had 22 instructors and 214 students.
About 4 m. W. of Terre Haute is St Mary-of-the-Woods
(founded in 1840 by the Sisters of Providence, and chartered
in 1846), a school for girls. The Emeline Fairbanks Memorial
Library (1882) contained 30,000 volumes in 1910, housed in a
building erected in 1903 by Mr Crawford Fairbanks in memory
of his mother. Terre Haute's industrial and commercial
importance is largely due to its proximity to the valuable
coal-fields of Clay, Sullivan, Park, Vermilion, Greene and Vigo
counties. The total value of its factory product in 1905 was
$29,291,654; both in 1900 and in 1905 it ranked second among
the manufacturing cities of the state. It is the largest distilling
centre in the state and one of the largest in the country, the
value of the output of this industry in 1905 being more than
half the total value of the city's factory product for the year.
The value of the glass product in 1905 was 4.4 per cent.
of the value of all factory products of the city, and 1.6
per cent. of the value of all glass manufactured in the United
States.
The first settlers at Terre Haute built their cabins near Fort Harrison, which was erected by command of Governor William Henry Harrison in the winter of 1810–11. In 1812 the fort was successfully defended against an attack of the Indians by its commandant Captain Zachary Taylor, and in 1817 was abandoned. After the close of the War of 1812 the town grew rapidly and became an important commercial centre, owing to its river connexions and to the fact that the National (or Cumberland) Road crossed the Wabash here. Terre Haute was incorporated as a town in 1838, became a city in 1853 (under a general state law of June 1852), received a special city charter in 1899, in 1905 was organized as a city of the third class, and became a city of the second class in 1909.
TERRELL, a city of Kaufman county, Texas, U.S.A., about 32 rn. E. of Dallas. Pop. (1890) 2988; (1900) 6330 (1517 negroes); (1910) 7050. Terrell is served by the Texas 81 Pacific and the Texas Midland railways. The city is the seat of Wesley
College (Methodist Episcopal, South), until 1909 the North
Texas University School, and of the North Texas Hospital for
the Insane (1885), and has a Carnegie library. It is situated in
a rich farming region. The city has a cotton compress and
cotton-gins, and various manufactures. The Texas Midland
railway has shops and general offices here. Terrell, named in
honour of Robert A. Terrell, an early settler, was founded in
1872 and was chartered as a city in 1874.
TERRISS, WILLIAM (1847-1897), English actor, whose real name was William Charles James Lewin, was born in London on the 20th of February 1847. After trying the merchant service, medicine, sheep-farming in the Falkland Isles, and tea-planting in Bengal, in 1867 he took to the stage, for which his handsome presence, fine voice and gallant bearing eminently fitted him. His first appearance in London was as Lord Cloudrays in Robertson's Society, at the old Prince of Wales's theatre. He quickly came into favour in " hero " parts, and appeared at the principal London theatres from 1868 onwards. In 1880 he joined Irving's company at the Lyceum, playing such parts as Cassio and Mercutio, and in 1885 he acted there with Mary Anderson, as Romeo to her Juliet, &c. He was then engaged to take the leading parts in Adelphi melodrama,
and it was in this capacity that for the rest of his career he was best known, though he occasionally acted elsewhere, notably with Irving at the Lyceum. His last appearance was in Secret Service. On the 16th of December 1897, as he was entering the Adelphi theatre, he was stabbed to death by a madman, Richard Arthur Prince. Terriss married Miss Isabel Lewis, and his daughter Ellaline Terriss (Mrs Seymour Hicks) became a well-known actress in musical comedy, in association with
