ground is produced. The following formulae may be employed for white and coloured resists:White. 8 lb starch. 8 lb British gum. 30 lb potassium sulphite, 90° Tw. 3 gals. water. 15 lb soda acetate. IO lb bisulphite of soda, 66° Tw. lb ultramarine blue. Boil together. Red. Pink. Blue. Yellow. Green. Violet. Rhodamine 6 G (1o0 per cent). 2% lb 1 lb .. .. .. Auramine Acridine yell. 2 lb 2% lb . Thionine blue 2 lb . .—New solid green 2 B. Tb-Methyl violet, B. 2 Ib Water . I. . . 1% gals. 1% gals. 1% gals. 1% gals. 1% gals. 1% gals. Tra acant muci age . 1,, 1,, 1,, I,, I yy I H Gly§ CflH ....... . . . . % y, T 11 T 11 ii 11 Albumen, 40 per cent. solution 1 gal. 1 gal. 1,, I,, I H I 1, Resist paste . . .. 6,, ' 6,, 6,, 6 H 6 .1 6 H Print on the padded cloth, age, chrome and wash. The resist paste is as under:lb zinc oxide. Resist Paste. IO 1% gals. magnesium acetate, 40° Tw. 2%,, tragacanth mucilage (dragon). 1,, starch paste. For reducing the colours take 6 parts resist paste. 4,, starch paste. 4,, white resist. Very good results can be obtained by the alternative method, i.e. printing the resists on white cloth and applying the black afterwards. The basic colours are chiefly used, though chrome yellow and ultramarine are also employed for some styles. The following formulae will serve as types of the composition of white and colours:Whtte. 20 5 lb potassium sulphite, 90° Tw. 5 lb acetate of soda. é lb ultramarine blue for lightening. 1 gal. water. starch paste. The whole ground together in a mill. 2 lb basic dye-stuff. 1 gal. water. 2%,, starch paste. lb precipitated chalk. 6M Colour. f'° 0.3 u~ (Il ff 95 "1 O U D SU (D FV 5°
Print on white cloth, allow to lie a day or two, then slop-pad in the Prud homme black already given, dry, age, chrome and soap. f Pigment colours may be applied on black padded cloth as ollowszYellow. 40 lb chrome yellow, &c. &c 2; gals. 40 per cent. albumen. 2% V. tragacanth water, 6 oz. per gal. 6 lb soda ash. 1 gal. citrate of soda, 40° Tw. Other methods, varying in detail, have been used from time to time, but the above two are at the present time generally employed -especially the former, by which many fine patterns have been produced in all sorts of delicate and artistic shades. The Treatment of Cloth after Printing. After printing, the various classes of goods undergo many different treatments according to the character of the colours printed. These treatments include steaming, hanging in the ageing chamber, passing through tartar emetic, the chalk bath, washing, soaping, " chemicking ' or clearing and finishing. (1) The operation of steaming is necessary for all styles except those with the insoluble azo-colours, vat dyes discharged, and some colours that are precipitated on the Fibre. The short steaming necessary for most discharges, indigo blue prints, and aniline black is effected in the Mather and Plattager, of which a sketch is here given (fig. 2) showing its principle.
Fig. 2.
When the latter is fully loaded in this way it is run into the "cottage, " the doors are closed, and steam turned in. The steaming is continued for various periods of time-from 11 hour to 2 hours-according to the style of work in hand, and either with or without pressure, as may be required. The carriage is then withdrawn and the goods unwound in readiness for subsequent operations.—The object of enveloping the printed goods in a "back grey" is to prevent the colour from marking off from the lace of one fold on to the back of the next, and also to minimize the risk of damage from drops of condensed water. This latter defect is further guarded against by heating up tor an hour or so every morning before any goods are introduced. In works where the modern continuous steaming apparatus is installed the cottage steamer is reserved for the treatment of dyed alizarine reds and for goods, such as heavy printed velvets, which are difficult to manipulate in the continuous steamer. The continuous steamer was originally invented by Cordillot, but its present efficient form is due to Messrs Mather and Platt, who have continually improved it, so that now it bears but little resemblance to Cordillot's original machine. Its construction is too complex to be adequately described without the aid of detailed sketches. Generally speaking, it may be said to consist of al long,
