Page:Elementary Chinese - San Tzu Ching (1900).djvu/100

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177.	考	世	系	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	and the genealogical connections should be examined,
	K'ao³	shih⁴	hsi⁴
	Examine	generation	connect

K'ao is composed of 老 lao old (line 24) abbreviated, and an obsolete phonetic. It originally meant old; then it came to signify a dead father; now it is the common term for examination.

Shih is composed of three 十 shih tens, thirty years being the Chinese estimate of the length of a generation of men. It is also used in the sense of mankind, the world.

Hsi is 糸 ssŭ silk, with a dash at the top, and means to tie, to bind. [Eitel translates this line by "Searching their chapters on genealogy and their family records." But hsi has no such meaning as "records."]

178.	知	終	始	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	so that the end of one dynasty and the beginning of the next may be known.
	Chih¹	chung¹	shih³
	Know	end	beginning

Chih see lines 28, 70.

Chung see line 113.

Shih see line 134. [Eitel continues "So as to know both the end and the beginning of history."]

179.	自	羲	農	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	From Fu Hsi and Shên Nung
	Tzŭ⁴	hsi¹	nung²
	From	vapour	till

Tzŭ see line 93.

Hsi is composed of 兮 hsi separation of vapour, later a particle of emphasis (an old radical), with 義 i (line 14) as phonetic. It originally meant vapour, but here stands for the name of the legendary Emperor 伏 Fu (or 庖 P'ao) 羲 Hsi, who reigned B.C. 2953—2838, and is said to have developed the Diagrams