produced most of the noted officials. Ch'ên Yü-hsiang's grandson, Ch'ên Chih-lin 陳之遴 (T. 彥升, H. 素庵, 1605–1666), was a chin-shih of 1637 and the first one of the family to surrender to the Ch'ing dynasty. He rose to be a Grand Secretary (1652–53, 1655–56), and his wife, Hsü Ts'an 徐燦 (T. 明霞, H. 湘蘋, 紫䇾) was a poetess. A great-grandson of Ch'ên Yü-hsiang, Ch'ên Yüan-lung 陳元龍 (T. 廣陵, H. 乾齋, posthumous name 文簡, 1652–1736), was a chin-shih of 1685 and was the second member of the family to become a Grand Secretary (1729–33). Ch'ên Yüan-lung was also a calligrapher and a poet. His collection of poems, entitled 愛日堂詩集 Ai-jih t'ang shih-chi, 27 chüan, was printed in 1736. He was the compiler of a classified encyclopedia, 格致鏡原 Ko-chih ching-yüan, 100 chüan, printed from 1717 to 1735, which covers a wide range of subjects in the arts and sciences.
Ch'ên Shih-kuan's father, Ch'ên Hsien 陳詵 (T. 叔大, H. 實齋, posthumous name 清恪, 1642-1722), was a chü-jên of 1672 who served as president of the Board of Ceremonies (1713-19). The third son of Ch'ên Hsien, Ch'ên Shih-jên 陳世仁 (T. 元之, H. 換吾, 1676–1722), a chin-shih of 1715 and a corrector in the Hanlin Academy, was a mathematician whose work 少廣補遺 Shao-kuang pu-i, 1 chüan, was copied into the Ssŭ-k'u (see under Chi Yün) Library. He is credited with another work on mathematics, 方程申論 Fang-ch'êng shên-lun, 6 chüan. Ch'ên Shih-jên's wife, Yang Shou-hsien 楊守閑 (T. 禮持), was a poetess, and his grandson, Ch'ên Yung-fu 陳用敷 (T. 正誼, H. 錫民, d. 1800), chin-shih of 1760, served as governor of Kweichow (1785, 1795), of Anhwei (1787–90, 1794, 1799), of Kwangsi (1790–94), and of Hupeh (1794–95). In 1789 Ch'ên Yung-fu was deprived of his rank (remaining, however, as governor of Anhwei on probation) for failure to report a book that was regarded as seditious.
There is a legend to the effect that Emperor Kao-tsung was born into the Ch'ên family—that he was, in fact, a son of Ch'ên Hsien. This son is alleged to have been secretly adopted as an infant into the imperial family in exchange for a daughter of the imperial household. Those who defend this legend so account for the many members of the Ch'ên family who were granted imperial recognition. They assert, too, that Emperor Kao-tsung was himself aware of his ancestry, and that the visits he paid to the garden of the Ch'ên family, An-lan yüan 安瀾園, in Hai-ning, were for the purpose of paying respects to his ancestors.
[1/309/2a, 280/6a, 295/12b; 3/16/1a; 62/6a, 12/37a; 4/26/1a, 20/30a; 26/1/35b; Hai-ning chou-chih (1776); Hai-ning chou-chih kao (1921); Hai-ning hsien-chih (1765); Ch'ien T'ai-chi [q. v.], Hai-ch'ang pei-chih (1846); 硃批諭旨 Chu-p'i yü-chih, for memorials of Ch'ên Shih-kuan; Ch'ên Ch'i-yüan 陳其元, 庸閒齋筆記 Yung-hsien chai pi-chi, chüan 1; 海寧渤海陳氏宗譜 Hai-ning Po-hai Ch'ên-shih tsung-p'u (1882).]
CH'ÊN Shou-ch'i 陳壽祺 (T. 恭甫, H. 梅修, 左海, 隱屏山人), Apr. 1, 1771–1834, Mar. 29, scholar, was a native of Foochow, Fukien. His grandfather, Ch'ên Ch'i-lung 陳起龍 (T. 武桓, 1725–1804), was a scholar. His father, Ch'ên Ho-shu 陳鶴書 (T. 錫三, 1746–1810), was a teacher in many academies of Fukien province. At the age of fifteen (sui) Ch'ên Shou-ch'i studied the classics under Mêng Ch'ao-jan [q. v.] who admired him and praised him as a future scholar. Taking his chin-shih degree in 1799, Ch'ên entered the Hanlin Academy as a bachelor and later was made a compiler. He became an intimate friend of Chang Hui-yen, Wang Yin-chih [qq. v.], Wu tzŭ (see under Wu Hsi-ch'i), Pao Kuei-hsing 鮑桂星 (T. 雙五, 覺生, 1764–1825), and other eminent contemporaries. When in 1801 he returned to Foochow to visit his parents he was invited by Juan Yüan [q. v.], governor-general of Chekiang province, to teach in the Fu-wên Academy (see under Ch'i Shao-nan) and the Ku-ching Ching-shê (see under Juan Yüan) in Hangchow. There he helped Juan compile a coastal gazetteer of the Hai-ning district, entitled 海塘志 Hai-t'ang chih, and a thesaurus of classical phrases, entitled 經郛 Ching-fu, which was never completed. In the winter of 1803 he went to Peking and in the following year served as assistant provincial examiner for Kwangtung, and for Honan (1807). In 1810 at the age of forty (sui) he retired, owing to his father's death, and refused therafter to resume his official career. For ten years he lived the life of a teacher in the Ch'ing-yüan Academy 清源書院 at Ch'üan-chou. He purchased land to support the Academy, and established regulations that encouraged hard study. His mother died in 1822. In the following year and for eleven years thereafter he was a teacher in the Ao-fêng Academy 鼇峰書院 at Foochow. At the same time he
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