scholars of Li's native place (Ch'a-ling, Hunan) were printing another collated edition he abandoned the idea. This Hunan edition of the Huai-lu t'ang chi appeared about the year 1809. At the request of Fa-shih-shan the Li Wên-chêng kung nien-p'u was included in it after being supplemented by T'ang Chung-mien 唐仲冕 (T. 六枳, H. 陶山, 1753–1827).
Since he spent most of his public career in the Hanlin Academy and in other literary offices, Fa-shih-shan read extensively the records and books in those libraries, thus obtaining an almost encyclopaedic knowledge of the history of institutions in the Ch'ing period. In this field he produced several collections of notes and memoranda. Two of them, entitled 槐㕔載筆 Huai-t'ing tsai-pi, 20 chüan, and 陶廬雜錄 T'ao-lu tsa-lu, 6 chüan, were printed in 1799 and 1817, respectively; but other items, including the Pei-i (備遺) tsa-lu, 8 chüan, failed to be printed. A work, entitled 清祕述聞 Ch'ing-pi shu-wên, 16 chüan (1798), consisting of lists of examiners in the metropolitan and provincial examinations, and of educational commissioners during the years 1645–1798, is the best known among his works.
Fa-shih-shan was an excellent poet, and as such he first followed the theories of Wang Shih-chên [q. v.], but later was considerably influenced by Yüan Mei [q. v.]. He had a wide circle of literary friends of various racial backgrounds, including Chinese, Manchus and Mongols. It is reported that his residence was always filled with these friends, some of whose literary works he brought together in 64 chüan, under the title 朋舊及見錄 P'êng-chiu chi-chien lu—a work unfortunately not printed. By the year 1793 Fa-shih-shan had produced some 3,000 poems from which, at his request, Yüan Mei and Hung Liang-chi [q. v.] selected about 1,000. A few years later Fa-shih-shan brought these verses together in 10 chüan, and supplemented them annually. Three collections of these works were printed by his friends, Juan Yüan [q. v.], Wu Tzŭ (see under Wu Hsi-ch'i) and others, but a more complete collection was printed in 1807–12 by a certain Wang Yung 王墉, under the title 存素堂詩集 Ts'un-su t'ang shih-chi, 24 + 8 + 1 chüan. A supplementary collection was printed by Juan Yüan a few years after the death of Fa-shih-shan's son, Kuei-hsin 桂馨 (b. ca. 1790, died shortly after his father). This work contains a chronological biography of Fa-shih-shan, entitled 梧門先生年譜 Wu-mên hsien-shêng nien-p'u, which was compiled by Kuei-hsin and revised by Juan Yüan. Fa-shih-shan's critique of poetry, entitled 梧門詩話 Wu-mên shih-hua, seems not to have been printed, though several quotations from it appear in the works of his contemporaries. Manuscript copies of it in 4 ts'ê are said to be preserved in the libraries of Pao-hsi 寶熙 (T. 瑞臣, H. 沈盦, b. 1871, chin-shih of 1892) and of Yeh Kung-ch'ao 葉恭綽 (T. 譽虎, b. 1880).
A collection of Fa-shih-shan's prose, entitled Ts'un-su t'ang wên-chi (文集), 4 chüan, was printed in 1807; and was supplemented by 2 chüan in 1811. In addition to the works named above a few others, including a collection of his memorials, are reported to have been printed. Today, however, most of Fa-shih-shan's works are rare owing to the fact that they have not been reprinted. In the eighteen-eighties the printing-blocks of some of his works came into the possession of a publisher in Peking. The blocks of the Ts'un-su t'ang shih-chi, of the Ch'ing-pi shu-wên, and of the Huai-t'ing tsai-pi were bought by Chih-jui [q. v.] and were once preserved in the Hanlin Academy, but seem to have been destroyed during the Boxer Uprising.
[1/490/16a; 2/74/43a; 3/132/9a; 7/43/8b; 20/3/00; Nien-p'u (see above, not consulted); Pa-ch'i wên-ching (see under Shêng-yü) 59/2a and passim; Fu Pao-sen 符保森, 國朝正雅集 Kuo-ch'ao chêng-ya chi (1857) 34/1a; Yeh Ch'ang-ch'ih (see under P'an Tsu-yin), Ts'ang-shu chi-shih shih (1910) 5/54a; Literary collections of Fa-shih-shan (not consulted), Juan Yüan, Wêng Fang-kang, Hung Liang-chi [qq. v.] and others; Hashikawa Tokio 橋川時雄, 滿州文學興廢考 Manshū bungaku kōhai kō (1932) 35a-37b.]
FAN Ch'êng-mo 范承謨 (T. 覲公, H. 螺山, 髡翁), 1624–1676, Oct. 22, official, was a native of Shên-yang, Liao-tung, and belonged to a family which was affiliated with the Chinese Bordered Yellow Banner. He was the second son of Fan Wên-ch'êng [q. v.]. Becoming a chin-shih in 1652, he was made a compiler in the Hung-wên-yüan 弘文院. When occupied as a reader in the Pi-shu (秘書) yüan, in 1668, he was appointed governor of Chekiang. Three years later he asked to resign on account of ill health, but his request was refused owing to the pressure of public opinion and the recommendation of other officials who applauded his administration. In the winter of 1672 he was promoted to the post of governor-general of Fukien.
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