張燕昌 (T. 𦬊堂, H. 文漁, 金粟山人, 1738–1814), prepared another list of its rubbings, numbering 764 items. Liu Hsi-hai [q. v.], who was financial commissioner of Chêkiang in 1847–49, also compiled a catalogue of the Fan family library. This catalogue, entitled T'ien-i ko shu-mu (書目) in 12 chüan, is extant only in manuscript. In the collectanea Yü-chien chai ts'ung-shu, second series (see under Ch'ien Tsêng), there is a catalogue of the library, entitled 四明天一閣藏書目錄 Ssŭ-ming T'ien-i ko ts'ang-shu mu-lu, giving the year 1802 as the date when it was copied. In 1803–04, when Juan Yüan [q. v.] was commissioner of education in Chekiang, he ordered the descendants of Fan Ch'in to prepare a catalogue of the titles then existing in the family library. This catalogue, entitled T'ien-i ko ts'ang-shu tsung-mu (總目), 10 chüan, lists 4,094 items in 53,799 chüan, not counting the 10,000 chüan of the Ku-chin t'u-shu chi-ch'êng. It was printed in 1808 together with the above-mentioned list of 764 epigraphical items recorded by Ch'ien Ta-hsin. It is asserted that in 1840 when Ningpo fell to the British forces some of the troops entered the library and took away a General Gazetteer, 一統志 I-t'ung chih, and a few other works on geography.
During the Taiping Rebellion (1853–64) the T'ien I Ko suffered its greatest losses. The extent of these losses is shown in a later catalogue, 天一閣現存書目 T'ien-i ko hsien-ts'un shu-mu, which was compiled by Ch'ien Hsün 錢恂 (T. 念劬) when he was a member of the secretarial staff of Hsüeh Fu-ch'êng [q. v.], intendant of the Ning-Shao-T'ai Circuit in 1884–88. This catalogue in 4 chüan, plus 1 chüan dealing with rubbings, was printed in 1889. It records a total of 2,056 items of which only 1,270 were listed as complete. In 1913, following the fall of the Ch'ing dynasty, many valuable works were stolen from the library. Although two of the thieves were apprehended and punished, the lost items were not returned. In 1930 the provincial officials at Hangchow delegated a group of men to make an inventory of the library. In consequence a new catalogue, entitled 重編寧波范氏天一閣圖書目錄 Ch'ung-pien Ning-po Fan-shih T'ien-i ko t'u-shu mu-lu, was prepared, according to which there then remained 962 items in 7,991 ts'ê (册). Of these only 310 items were complete, among them some valuable local histories of the Ming period. In 1934 a movement was begun to rehabilitate this ancient structure and its contents—an appropriate undertaking for an establishment that has remained in the possession of one family for nearly four hundred years. A recently made inventory of the library resulted in a catalogue compiled by Fêng Chên-ch'un 馮貞群, entitled 鄞范氏天一閣書目內編 Yin Fan-shih T'ien-ti ko shu-mu nei-pien, 6 chüan, listing 1,854 titles of books comprising some 24,752 chüan, and a number of charts, paintings, printing blocks, stones with inscriptions, etc. Of the books, some 1,591 items in 13,038 chüan are pre-Ch'ing editions.
[Yin-hsien chih (1877) 36/18b, 41/37b; Yeh Ch'ang-ch'ih (see under P'an Tsu-yin), Ts'ang-shu chi-shih shih 2/63a; Ch'ên Têng-yüan 陳登原, 天一閣藏書考 T'ien-i ko ts'ang-shu k'ao (1932); Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress (1934) pp. 145-46; Bul. Nat. Lib. of Peiping VIII, No. 1, frontis. portrait of Fan Ch'in, photograph of T'ien I Ko, and articles by Chao Wan-li 趙萬里; Journal of Chekiang Provincial Library II, No. 6, portrait of Fan Ch'in, photograph of T'ien I Ko and a review of the T'ien-i ko ts'ang-shu k'ao.]
FAN Wên-ch'êng 范文程 (T. 憲斗, H. 煇嶽), 1597–1666, Aug. 31, one of the first four Grand Secretaries of the Ch'ing dynasty, a native of Fu-shun, near Shên-yang (Mukden), was a great-grandson of Fan Ts'ung 范鏓 (chin-shih of 1517) who was a president of the Board of War in the Ming period. When Nurhaci [q. v.] took Fu-shun in 1618 (see under Li Yung-fang), Fan Wên-ch'êng surrendered to the Manchus and was shown much favor. When in 1629 Manchu troops under Abahai [q. v.] pillaged their way to the walls of Peking and suffered a defeat at the hands of Yüan Ch'ung-huan [q. v.], Fan invented the story that Yüan was in league with the Manchus. The Ming emperor became suspicious, arrested and finally executed Yüan. Fan, in turn, was rewarded by Abahai with a minor hereditary title. Abahai relied much on him in the founding of the central government at Mukden, making him in 1636 a Grand Secretary—his colleagues being Ganglin (see under Dorgon), Hife (see under Songgotu), and Pao Ch'êng-hsien 鮑承先. Involved in 1643 in a conspiracy with Adali and Šoto (see under Lekedehun and Dorgon), Fan and his family, then belonging to the Plain Red Banner (?), were transferred to the Chinese Bordered Yellow Banner. When the news of the fall of Peking to Li Tzŭ-ch'êng [q. v.] reached
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